Experimental Research Studies on Seismic Behaviour of Confined Masonry Structures: Current Status and Future Needs

Pérez Gavilán Escalante, Juan; Brzev, Svetlana; Espinosa Cazarin, Eric; Ganzerli, Sara; Quiun, Daniel; Reiter, Matthew T.

doi:10.3390/buildings13071776

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(193 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The load-bearing capacity of confined walls is affected by many factors, which include the properties of masonry components (mortar and masonry units), proportions of dimensions, values of initial compressive stress, and the static diagram of walls. The impact of confinement on the unconfined walls cannot be clearly indicated, but test results presented in the overview study [27] show that this impact is positive. According to some tests [28][29][30][31], vertical confining elements can increase the load-bearing capacity of the confined wall even by 40%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Comparative Studies of the Confined Effect of Shear Masonry Walls Made of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Masonry Units

Jasiński,

Gąsiorowski

2023

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Confined walls are popular in areas exposed to seismic action. The advantage of such structures is increased load-bearing capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation. Confined masonry walls are also used to restrain the intensity of cracking and improve load-bearing capacity in areas exposed to seismic action. This paper describes the research on 18 confined walls and presents a comparison with research on unconfined walls (referenced models). The confined models were classified into three series: HOS-C-AAC—without openings and with confining elements around the perimeter; HAS-C1-AAC with a centrally positioned opening and circumferential confinement; and HAS-C2-AAC with a centrally positioned window opening and additional confinement along the vertical edges of the opening. The area of the window opening was 1.5 m2. All walls were made of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry units of the nominal density class of 600. The walls were tested under initial compressive stresses σc = 0.1; 0.75; and 1.0 N/mm2. The reference models without confinement (six models of the series HOS-AAC without openings and the series HAS-AAC with openings) were prepared from the same masonry units, had almost the same outer dimensions, and were tested under the same initial compressive stresses σc. The analysis was performed for the morphology of cracks, stress values at the moment of cracking and failure, stiffness, and angles of shear strain. The morphology of cracks was found to depend on initial compressive stresses and the presence of an opening. A significant increase in compressive stress leading to cracks and failure stresses was observed with increasing values of initial compressive stresses. As the wall behavior was clearly non-linear, the bilinear relationship described by energy dissipation E, stiffness at the moment of cracking Kcr, and maximum displacement uu was proposed to be included in the engineering description of the relationship between horizontal load and displacement of confined walls. Confinement along the vertical edges of the opening having an area of 1.5 m2 (acc. to EN 1996-1-1) increased the maximum forces Pmax by ca. 45% and marginally affected the ductility of the wall when compared to the elements with circumferential confinement.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Comparative Studies of the Confined Effect of Shear Masonry Walls Made of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Masonry Units

Jasiński,

Gąsiorowski

2023

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are experimental studies on the behavior of walls subjected to out-of-plane loads for unreinforced [5][6][7][8], infill [9][10][11][12][13], and confined masonry walls [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The number of these studies is limited compared with those carried out for the in-plane behavior of these walls [23,24]. The main variables considered were the compressive strength of masonry, unit type, aspect ratio (height over length), slenderness ratio (height over thickness), support conditions, axial load, wall openings, and in-plane stiffness of the surrounding frame elements of walls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-of-Plane Design Equations for Confined Masonry Walls

Fernandez-Baqueiro,

Varela-Rivera,

Moreno-Herrera

2024

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nowadays there is still a lack of requirements for the out-of-plane design of confined masonry walls. Current code requirements are mainly based on the in-plane behavior of those walls. This research is divided into two parts. In the first part, two confined walls subjected to out-of-plane uniform loads were tested in the laboratory. Confining elements with minimum cross-section dimensions and wall aspect ratios smaller than one were considered. The variable studied was the wall length. Out-of-plane load—displacement curves of walls were obtained. In the second part, two design equations were developed to determine the out-of-plane strength of confined walls. A design equation was developed to determine the corresponding in-plane forces transferred to the confining elements. The out-of-plane strength of 6912 walls was determined using a computer program based on the bidirectional strut method. A parametric analysis was carried out for the out-of-plane strength considering different variables. Multiple linear regression analyses were carried out to propose out-of-plane strength design equations. It was concluded that the experimental out-of-plane strength increased, and the wall failure type changed as the wall length decreased. In addition, the experimental out-of-plane strength of walls was well predicted with both out-of-plane design equations.

show abstract

“…There are reviews that provide information about masonry structures, especially for in-plane damage analysis of the masonry [27][28][29] and also for out-of-plane failure analysis [30][31][32][33][34][35]. However, these review articles do not focus on the axial compressive loading of URM walls alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Unreinforced Masonry Walls in Compression: A Review of Design Provisions, Experimental Research, and Future Needs

Blash,

Bakar,

Udi

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Unreinforced masonry (URM) is a construction of brick or concrete block unit that is joined together using mortar, without steel reinforcement. Because of the heterogeneous nature and difference in mechanical properties of the masonry elements, analyzing and capturing the structural behaviour of URM walls under various loading conditions is therefore complex. In recent decades, research efforts have been focused on addressing and understanding the compressive behaviour of URM walls from the experimental viewpoint. However, from the existing experimental literature, there is a significant degree of variation in the mechanical and geometric properties of URM walls, especially the comprehensive comparison of apparently equivalent test parameters, which has yet to be examined. It is therefore necessary to highlight and critically examine major results derived from the experimental literature to better understand the performance of URM walls under compressive loads. This review paper presents the assessment performance with regard to axial compressive tests on URM walls, along with comprehensive comparisons among the experimental literature findings on the basis of masonry construction methods and various influencing parameters. Emphasis in the literature has been placed chiefly on the masonry elements, design provisions, axial load, slenderness ratio, openings, and stress–strain response. Based on observations from the study, experimental development trends have been highlighted to identify and outline potential directions for future studies.

show abstract

Experimental Research Studies on Seismic Behaviour of Confined Masonry Structures: Current Status and Future Needs

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Comparative Studies of the Confined Effect of Shear Masonry Walls Made of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Masonry Units

Comparative Studies of the Confined Effect of Shear Masonry Walls Made of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Masonry Units

Out-of-Plane Design Equations for Confined Masonry Walls

Performance of Unreinforced Masonry Walls in Compression: A Review of Design Provisions, Experimental Research, and Future Needs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About