Our nitrogen ‘footprint’: the need for increased crop nitrogen use efficiency

Andrews, Mitchell; Lea, Peter J.

doi:10.1111/aab.12052

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Lassaletta et al [5] suggested that a further increase of nitrogen fertilization would result in a disproportionately low increase of crop production with further environmental alterations, unless cropping systems improve their efficiency substantially. N is the major limiting factor in agricultural production among mineral fertilizers [10,[15][16][17] and NUE is estimated to be far below 50% in cereal grains [6], improving that NUE is essential for improving overall productivity in maize [18]. Lassaletta et al [5] stated that nutrient use efficiency acts as the indictor to check the ability of a crop to convert available nutrients to economic yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Varieties and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize on Farmers Field in Mid Altitude Areas of Western Ethiopia

Abera

Debele²,

Wegary

2017

International Journal of Agronomy

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Yield of maize hybrids could be low when grown below optimum management practices. Use of improved varieties and optimum nitrogen fertilizer application practices are unlocking the high yielding potential of hybrids maize. With these in view, a field experiment was executed on farmers' field to determine the effect of varieties and nitrogen fertilizer rate on yield and yield components of maize in two cropping seasons. It is laid out with randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. Five maize varieties (BH-540, BH-543, BH-661, BH-660, and BH-140) as main factor and two levels of nitrogen (55 and 110 Kg N ha −1 ) as subfactor were used with one maize variety (BH-543) without fertilizer as control. Leaf area and leaf area index of maize varieties were significantly affected by application of nitrogen fertilizer rates. Interaction of maize varieties with nitrogen fertilizer rates significantly affected all yield and yield components of maize. Application of half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer produced mean grain yield advantages of 31 and 41% over control. Therefore, application of half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer for improved maize varieties has significantly improved grain yield and recommended for maize production in midaltitude area of western Ethiopia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Varieties and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize on Farmers Field in Mid Altitude Areas of Western Ethiopia

Abera

Debele²,

Wegary

2017

International Journal of Agronomy

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“…Whole plant physiology, use of transgenic plants and QTL approaches have also been employed that suggest that the enzymes of secondary ammonia remobilization and regulatory processes that control N-C flux are better targets for manipulation, than the individual genes/enzymes of primary nitrate assimilation (Pathak et al 2011;Andrews and Lea 2013). As N losses vary greatly between the growth conditions, therefore there is a great potential for increasing N uptake efficiency in crops (Abrol 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen stress-induced alterations in the leaf proteome of two wheat varieties grown at different nitrogen levels

Chandna

Ahmad

2015

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Inorganic nitrogen (N) is a key limiting factor of the agricultural productivity. Nitrogen utilization efficiency has significant impact on crop growth and yield as well as on the reduction in production cost. The excessive nitrogen application is accompanied with severe negative impact on environment. Thus to reduce the environmental contamination, improving NUE is need of an hour. In our study we have deployed comparative proteome analysis using 2-DE to investigate the effect of the nitrogen nutrition on differential expression pattern of leaf proteins in low-N sensitive and low-N tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. Results showed a comprehensive picture of the post-transcriptional response to different nitrogen regimes administered which would be expected to serve as a basic platform for further characterization of gene function and regulation. We detected proteins related to photosynthesis, glycolysis, nitrogen metabolism, sulphur metabolism and defence. Our results provide new insights towards the altered protein pattern in response to N stress. Through this study we suggest that genes functioning in many physiological events coordinate the response to availability of nitrogen and also for the improvement of NUE of crops.

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“…Nitrogen plays an important role in the biochemical processes of plants, including in proteins, DNA, RNA, enzymes, and chlorophylls (Andrews and Lea, 2013). The lack of this nutrient affects radiation use efficiency and biomass production, and also affects grain yield and its components (Xu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basically, we can consider that there are two main types of NUE: uptake efficiency of N residuals and chemicals by the roots (N absorption efficiency= NAE), and the translocation efficiency of N to grains (N utilization efficiency= NUtE) (Andrews and Lea, 2013;Gaju et al, 2014;Moll et al, 1982;Weih et al, 2011). Identifying genotypes with high NUE has great value because it allows cultivation when the cost of this nutrient is high and/or when its application is limited due to unfavorable environmental conditions (Riar and Coventry, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of brazilian wheat cultivars in terms of nitrogen use efficiency

et al. 2014

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Nitrogen (N) management in wheat crop is one of the most studied agricultural practices in Brazil; however, there are few reports on its use efficiency. The objective of this study was to characterize 18 Brazilian wheat cultivars, which are representative and have been recently released to cultivation, for nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The experiments were carried out in Pato Branco, Paraná, and Coxilha, Rio Grande do Sul, during the 2011 crop season. It was used a randomized block design with three replications, in factorial scheme (2 environments × 18 cultivars). Genetic variability was observed for nitrogen utilization efficiency by grains (NUtEg=47.6 to 81.1 kg kg -1 ) and nitrogen harvest index (NHI=71.3 to 84.6%) with significant effects relating to the environment of cultivation and performance of these traits. The evaluation of the protein concentration of grain by near infrared spectrometry (GPC N ) produced equivalent results to the direct analytical method of Kjeldahl (GPC K ), in Pato Branco (r=0.56) and Coxilha (RS) (r=0.80). However the CPG N overestimated the protein values by 16.85%. The GPC and protein yield were positively correlated with NUtEg and NHI. The best performance for the traits associated with NUE was observed for the following cultivars: Mirante, Quartzo, Fundacep Cristalino, Fundacep Raízes and CD 150. This is the first report of differences between Brazilian wheat cultivars for nitrogen use efficiency.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., grain yield, nitrogen harvest index, SDS sedimentation, grain protein concentration. Caracterização de cultivares de trigo em termos de eficiência do uso do nitrogênioResumo O manejo do nitrogênio (N) na cultura do trigo é uma das práticas agrícolas mais estudadas no Brasil, entretanto ainda são poucos os relatos sobre a sua eficiência de uso. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar 18 cultivares de trigo brasileiras representativas e recentemente disponibilizados para cultivo quanto à eficiência do uso do N (EUN). Os experimentos foram executados em Pato Branco, PR, e Coxilha, RS, na safra agrícola de 2011. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (2 ambientes × 18 cultivares), em três repetições. Foi possível identificar variabilidade genética para a eficiência do uso do nitrogênio pelos grãos (EUNg = 47,6 a 81,1 kg kg -1 N) e índice de colheita de nitrogênio (ICN = 71,3 a 84,6%), com efeito do local de cultivo sobre o desempenho desses parâmetros. A avaliação da concentração proteica dos grãos por espectrometria de infravermelho próximo (CPG N ) produziu resultados equivalentes ao método analítico direto de Kjeldahl (CPG K ), em Pato Branco, PR (r = 0,56), e Coxilha, RS (r = 0,80), porém o CPG N superestimou os resultados em 16,85%. A CPG K e o rendimento de proteína (RP) foram positivamente associados com a EUNg. As cultivares Mirante, Quartzo, Fundacep Cristalino, Fundacep Raízes e CD 150 apresentaram melhor desempenho para os caracteres associados à EUN. Esse é o primeiro relato que mostra di...

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Our nitrogen ‘footprint’: the need for increased crop nitrogen use efficiency

Cited by 44 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of Varieties and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize on Farmers Field in Mid Altitude Areas of Western Ethiopia

Effects of Varieties and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize on Farmers Field in Mid Altitude Areas of Western Ethiopia

Nitrogen stress-induced alterations in the leaf proteome of two wheat varieties grown at different nitrogen levels

Characterization of brazilian wheat cultivars in terms of nitrogen use efficiency

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