Ostracism as a social and biological phenomenon: An introduction

Gruter, Margaret; Masters, Roger D.

doi:10.1016/0162-3095(86)90043-9

Cited by 161 publications

(114 citation statements)

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“…The practice of excluding members of communities, groups and teams to enforce norm conformity and cooperation has been evidenced in almost all civilizations and known cultures (Gruter and Masters, 1986;Williams 2001). Ostracism 1 , the act of excluding, has been widely documented and analyzed in many disciplines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ostracism and the Provision of a Public Good - Experimental Evidence

2005

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We analyze the effects of ostracism on cooperation in a linear public good experiment with fixed partner design. Our results show that introducing ostracism increases contribution levels significantly except in first and last periods. Despite reductions in group size due to ostracism, the net effect on earnings is positive. This effect is in contrast to most alternative mechanisms aimed at increasing cooperation rates studied in the literature on public good experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ostracism and the Provision of a Public Good - Experimental Evidence

2005

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“…Such groups are often differentiated by race, ethnicity, age, sexual orientation, religion, caste, or gender (CUE, 2002), also, ostracism may lead to other maladaptive decisions and behaviors precisely because of a need to belong (Baumeister & Leary, 1995) and to be accepted by others. Ostracism can cause such a strong desire to belong, to be liked by someone, perhaps anyone, that individuals' ability to discriminate good from bad may be impaired to the point that they become attracted to any group that will have them, even cults and extremist groups (Gruter & Masters, 1986).…”

Section: Social Exclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social Exclusion and Sexual Objectification among males, ages 18-30 years old in Kosovo

Borinca

2016

ESJ

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This study aims: Higher levels of gender-based rejection sensitivity would be related to higher tendencies to objectify women, i.e., with higher tendencies to perceive women as lacking of human mental states and uniquely human emotions. In turn, verifying whether such enhanced tendency to perceive women as objects would increase men's tendencies to accept the myth rape acceptance. More specifically, a correlation analysis showed that: The rejection sensitivity index did not correlate with any outcome variable; The tendency to objectify women did not correlate with myth rape acceptance; Hurt proneness or anxiety in close relationships was positively correlated with the tendency to perceive women as human beings (rather than objects) and to attribute them human emotions or human mental states. Interestingly, these latter relations clearly emerged among male participants currently involved in romantic relationships; Instead, a onesample t-test showed that the levels of myth rape acceptance were moderately high. Keywords: Social Exclusion,Sexual Objectification, Gender-based rejection sensitivity, Kosovo IntroductionGender is an important consideration in development. It is a way of looking at how social norms and power structures impact on the lives and opportunities available to different groups of men and women. Globally, more women than men live in poverty. Women are also less likely than men to receive basic education and to be appointed to a political position nationally and internationally. Understanding that men and women, boys and girls experience poverty differently and face different barriers to accessing services, economic resources, and political opportunities helps to target

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“…There is extensive empirical repertoire on ostracism, its antecedents and consequences derived from research and studies mostly approaching the concept from psychological/social psychological aspects (Gruter, Masters, 1986;Leary, 1990;Jones, 1990;Baumeister, Tice, 1990;Twenge, et. al., 2003;Zadro, et.…”

Section: Work Effortmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Ostracism on Work Effort: A Comparison between Turkish and Azerbaijani Employees

Türkmen¹,

Doğan²,

Karaeminoğulları³

2016

ijhrs

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Ostracism is a critical issue with its influence on employee motivation, employee performance and hence on organizational success. The purpose of this cross cultural study is to investigate whether being a victim of ostracism in the workplace has an impact on work effort or not. Additionally, it aims a comparative examination of differences between Turkish and Azerbaijani employees in terms of workplace ostracism and work effort, with regard to factors such as gender and sector of employment. Results confirm that, experiencing ostracism in the workplace decreases the amount of work effort in a sample of 240 Turkish and Azerbaijani employees. Furthermore, the results also show that, Azerbaijani employees are being subject to workplace ostracism behaviors more than Turkish employees and there are statistically significant differences between male and female employees in terms of workplace ostracism and work effort.

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Ostracism as a social and biological phenomenon: An introduction

Cited by 161 publications

References 1 publication

Ostracism and the Provision of a Public Good - Experimental Evidence

Ostracism and the Provision of a Public Good - Experimental Evidence

The Social Exclusion and Sexual Objectification among males, ages 18-30 years old in Kosovo

The Impact of Ostracism on Work Effort: A Comparison between Turkish and Azerbaijani Employees

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