Osteosclerosis due to endemic fluorosis

Prevalencia y Severidad de Fluorosis Dental y su Asociación con Historia de Caries en Escolares que Consumen Agua Potable Fluorurada en Temuco, Chile

“…Para la OMS, la tasa estándar de fluoruros en el agua potable oscila entre 0,5 y 1 ppm (Seppä, 2001), considerando 1 ppm como la concentración óptima o recomendada, con el máximo efecto de protección frente a la caries y el mínimo riesgo de fluorosis dental (Bailey et al, 2006;Kaseva, 2006;Tamer et al, 2007). En Chile, la concentración óptima oscila entre 0,6 y 1,0 mg/L (Allende et al, 2008).…”

Dişsel Florozisi Olan Çocukların Yüz Gelişiminin Björk Analizi İle İncelenmesi

“…Yüksek florid al›m›n-dan dolay› flehir halk›nda diflsel florozise s›k-ça rastlanmaktad›r (1,2). Buna ilaveten yap›-lan çal›flmalarda iskeletsel ve eklem deformiteleri de bildirilmifltir (3)(4)(5)(6). Endemik florozisin kemikte artan fliddette dejeneratif de¤ifliklik-lerden sorumlu oldu¤unu bildirmifllerdir (4-6).…”

“…Because of high fluoride intake, severe dental fluorosis is commonly encountered in the city (1,2). In addition, skeletal and joint deformities were also reported (3)(4)(5)(6). They implied that endemic fluorosis might be responsible for the increased severity of degenerative changes in the bone (4)(5)(6).…”

“…In addition, skeletal and joint deformities were also reported (3)(4)(5)(6). They implied that endemic fluorosis might be responsible for the increased severity of degenerative changes in the bone (4)(5)(6). Fluorosis may also have adverse effects on condyles which are the center of temporomandibular joint and responsible for mandibular growth.…”

Interactive effect of fluoride burden with calcitonin receptor gene polymorphisms on the risk of F bone injury

“…F bone injury is especially prevalent in parts of China, India, and Africa and aVects millions of people worldwide (Yang et al 2003;Choubisa et al 2001;Malde et al 2003). F bone injury often results in osteosclerosis of the skeleton with signiWcant long-term diYculties, including impaired neck and lumbar mobility, aching of the axial skeleton, kyphosis, and painful lower extremities, ultimately causing crippling and incapacitation (Tamer et al 2007).…”