Osteopromotion Capacity of Bovine Cortical Membranes in Critical Defects of Rat Calvaria: Histological and Immunohistochemical Analysis

Abstract

Membranes that aid the guided bone regeneration (GBR) process have been the subject of studies of compatible biomaterials that contribute to this repair process. The present study compared different membranes used in critical-size defects of rat calvaria by assessing GBR as well as histological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical reactions. Forty-eight male albino Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 12 each), namely, C: membrane-free control group (only blood clot, negative control group); BG: porcine collagen membrane group (Bio-Gide®, positive control group); GD: bovine cortical membrane group (first experimental group); and GDF: thicker bovine cortical membrane group (second experimental group). Rats were euthanized at 30 and 60 days postoperatively. Quantitative data from the histometric analysis were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s posttest when p<0.05. Histomorphometric results of the thicker bovine cortical membrane at 30 and 60 days were promising, showing improved new bone formation values (p<0.05), and the CD group presented similar results in both analysis periods, being surpassed only by the GDF group (p<0.05). The immunohistochemical results were associated with the histomorphometric data. A less-thick membrane also assisted in GBR. All membranes promoted GBR, especially the positive control and experimental groups.

Is the Bacterial Cellulose Membrane Feasible for Osteopromotive Property?

“…All analyzed blades had their identification hidden so that the examiner was blind. For the inflammatory cell and vessel count, two sections per animal were analyzed, totalizing 48 sections, and three regions were evaluated: center of the defect, right side, and left side of the defect [ 12 ]. In the original objective of ×100, 130 points were predetermined, and the ones that touched a cell were counted.…”

“…As such, one of the alternatives is the exploitation of cellulose, which, besides presenting good biomechanical properties, is a natural polymer, biodegradable, and renewable. Therefore, it has become the subject of a series of investigations on tissue engineering [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Bone Regeneration Assessment of Polycaprolactone Membrane on Critical-Size Defects in Rat Calvaria

“…The animals were made to fast for 12 h preoperatively and were subjected to sedation through the intraperitoneal administration of ketamine hydrochloride (Francotar-Virbac do Brasil Ltda, São Paulo, Brazil) with xylazine (Rompun, Bayer AS-Animal Health, São Paulo, Brazil) at a dosage of 50 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively [49][50][51][52][53].…”

“…At immediately the post-operatively, each animal received a single intraperitoneal dose of 0.2 mg/mL penicillin G benzathine (Pentabiotico Veterinário Porte, Fort Dodge Saúde Animal Ltda., Campinas, SP, Brazil). Every two days, the animals were carried out with clean cages and food [49][50][51][52][53].…”

“…TA was considered 100% of the area and NFB a percentage of TA. The data obtained in the analyses were transformed from absolute values of pixels to percentage values to allow for the application of the statistical test [49,50].…”