Osteoporosis in Children and Its Relevance for Pediatric Sports Medicine

Ключников, С. О.; Kravchuk, D.A.; Оганнисян, М. Г.

doi:10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-3-112-120

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…After all, it is precisely in childhood and adolescence that a genetically determined bone mass is accumulated, which ensures the strength and resistance of the skeleton to the effects of various adverse factors throughout life [3]. Along with this, many endogenous and exogenous factors can cause children to deviate from the genetic development program, including bone tissue, both before and after birth [4]. At the same time, in children and adolescents, osteoporosis is often secondary, as a consequence of the most diverse diseases in aetiology [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosed Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Level of Calciotropic Hormones in Juvenile Hyperthyroidism

Muratova

2021

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In childhood and adolescence, a genetically determined bone mass accumulates, which ensures the strength of the skeleton throughout life. But with thyrotoxicosis, a separation of the processes of bone resorption and synthesis and the formation of sites of osteoporosis and osteosclerosis occur, leading to the loss of 10% of bone mass in 1 cycle of remodeling. Because of the lack of information about this phenomenon, our work aimed to study the state of bone mineral density and levels of calciotropic hormones in children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis. The study was conducted by 19 children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis. The control group consisted of 23 healthy children and adolescents. All studies were conducted in the RSSPMCE. Thyroid status, PTH and vitamin D were determined using a closed-type immunochemistry analyser Cobas e 411 Hitachi company HoffmanLeRoche (Switzerland) and its reagents. Bone mineral density was evaluated by dual-energy absorptiometry on a Stratos X-ray densitometer from DMS, France. The results of the study showed that the average value of the level of vitamin D in the group with thyrotoxicosis was 12.3 ± 1.1 ng/ml, against 20.4 ± 6.2 ng/ml of the control group, while its deficiency was diagnosed in 84.2%, and its insufficiency - in 15.8% of pediatric patients. In the group with thyrotoxicosis, the average level of PTH was lower and amounted to 45.1 ± 23.9 ng/ml (p < 0.05) compared with the control (49.2 ± 21.3 ng/ml); hypoparathyroidism was found in 4.9 times more often than among healthy children, and 21.1% showed an increase in the level of PTH. In children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis Z- index of the femoral neck, lumbar vertebrae and the general body were significantly lower than in the control group. 36.8% of children with thyrotoxicosis have osteoporosis. Conclusion: Thyrotoxicosis in children and adolescents causes a decrease in BMD and majorly increases the development of osteoporosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosed Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Level of Calciotropic Hormones in Juvenile Hyperthyroidism

Muratova

2021

Preprint

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Methods of prevention of calcium deficiency in pediatric practice

Taranushenko¹,

NG²,

TV³

2022

Arch Prev Med

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It is known that the prevention of deficiency conditions in children is one of the most urgent tasks of preventive pediatrics. The importance of timely recommendations for optimizing the replenishment of microelements and vitamins is undeniable, and understanding the importance of using calcium and vitamin D supplements significantly reduces the risk of adverse health effects in childhood and later life.

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Paediatric osteoporosis: features of skeletal mineralization in children, prevention, and treatment

Таранушенко

Kiseleva

2020

Medicinskij sovet

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The prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in children is an urgent problem of pediatrics and pediatric endocrinology. This is due to the need for preventive measures for the formation of adequate bone mass and bone strength, the duration of rehabilitation during the development of the disease and the occurrence of fractures, as well as the requirements for optimizing the treatment of this pathology in childhood.Bone tissue is a dynamic and constantly updated system. The main regulators of osteogenesis include trace elements (calcium, phosphorus, zinc, fluorine, etc.), vitamin D, hormones (parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, growth hormone, corticosteroids, etc.), growth factors (IRF-1, IRF-2, ERF, FRF, etc.), local bone-resorbing factors (IL-1, IL-6, TNF, PGE, etc.) and mechanical stress. Remodeling processes continue throughout life, but are most intense until 18 years of age.The most important risk factors for developing osteoporosis are a history of prematurity and / or IUGR, rickets, low intake of protein, calcium and vitamin D, weight deficiency, periods of active growth, low physical activity, endocrine diseases (diabetes mellitus, growth hormone deficiency, hypogonadism, etc.), somatic pathology (chronic diseases of the kidneys, liver, malabsorption), taking certain medications (GCS, anticonvulsants, cytostatics, etc.). Clinical manifestations of osteoporosis in children include signs of tissue calcium deficiency (trophic changes in the nails, hair and tooth enamel, paresthesia, pain in the calf muscles) and a decrease in bone mineralization (impaired posture, slowed growth, pain in the spine and large joints, pathological low-energy fractures) Measures to prevent osteoporosis in childhood include regular physical activity, a balanced diet, adequate insolation, and the identification and treatment of somatic pathology. Additional pharmacological correction is carried out in risk groups – the recommended course use of preparations containing vitamin D, calcium and other osteotropic minerals.The treatment of osteoporosis in children and adolescents is actively debated. A mandatory component of therapy are calcium salts in combination with vitamin D. The possibility of using bisphosphonates is being examined, the effect of monoclonal antibodies (denosumab), somatropin and anabolic steroids on bone metabolism is being studied. In addition, non-pharmacological methods are prescribed - orthopedic correction for fractures, exercise therapy, gymnastics, therapeutic swimming and massage.

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Osteoporosis in Children and Its Relevance for Pediatric Sports Medicine

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Diagnosed Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Level of Calciotropic Hormones in Juvenile Hyperthyroidism

Diagnosed Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Level of Calciotropic Hormones in Juvenile Hyperthyroidism

Methods of prevention of calcium deficiency in pediatric practice

Paediatric osteoporosis: features of skeletal mineralization in children, prevention, and treatment

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