Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease: an update

Lello, Stefano; Capozzi, Anna; Scambia, Giovanni

doi:10.3109/09513590.2015.1041908

Cited by 50 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Estrogen can reduce the ratio of LDL‐cholesterol to HDL‐cholesterol, which can delay the progression of coronary artery disease and causes the absolute reduction in total cholesterol so in menopause status, hypoestrogenemia can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, deprivation of estrogen can disrupt the modulation of growth factor and cytokines production from bone and bone marrow and result in osteoporosis (Lello, Capozzi, & Scambia, ). Estrogen deficiency can be responsible for glucose metabolism disorders and reduction of insulin secretion and insulin resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Cornus mas fruit extract consumption on lipid profile, glycemic indices, and leptin in postmenopausal women— A randomized clinical trial

Gholamrezayi

Aryaeian

Rimaz

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

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Menopause, which occurs following a declined ovarian activity and reduced estrogen levels, can lead to long‐term changes in lipid and glycemic profiles and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas) is rich in phytochemicals and antioxidants, which appears to be useful in reducing the postmenopausal complications. This interventional, double‐blinded, randomized clinical trial carried out on 84 menopaused women aged 45–60 years old. They were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group received three capsules of 300 mg of Cornus mas extract (CME), and control group received three capsules of 300 mg of starch powder per day for 8 weeks. Then, BMI, waist circumference, glycemic indices, lipid profile, serum apoproteinase, apoprotein B100, fibrinogen, and leptin were measured. The dietary intakes were evaluated using 24‐hr dietary recall questionnaire. The consumption of CME in comparison with the control group resulted in a significant reduction in weight, body mass index, waist circumference, LDL to HDL ratio, total cholesterol to HDL ratio, and fibrinogen. There was also a significant increase in HDL and ApoA1 levels in the treatment group. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in BMI, waist circumference, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance index after 8 weeks of using CME. Summing up the results, it can be concluded that CME can have possible effects on decreasing BMI, waist circumference, and improving some aspects of lipid profile and glycemic indices in postmenopausal women.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Cornus mas fruit extract consumption on lipid profile, glycemic indices, and leptin in postmenopausal women— A randomized clinical trial

Gholamrezayi

Aryaeian

Rimaz

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

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“…It was found that osteoporotic women had a 3.9-fold (95% CI, 2.0–7.7; P < 0.001) increased risk for cardiovascular events compared with osteopenic patients. [7,19] The presence of at least 1 vertebral fracture had a 3.0-fold (95% CI, 1.8–5.1; P < 0.001) increase in that risk in comparison of nonfracture. [7,19] Furthermore, cardiovascular risk was directly increased by the number and severity of baseline vertebral fractures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7,19] The presence of at least 1 vertebral fracture had a 3.0-fold (95% CI, 1.8–5.1; P < 0.001) increase in that risk in comparison of nonfracture. [7,19] Furthermore, cardiovascular risk was directly increased by the number and severity of baseline vertebral fractures. [7,19] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association factor analysis between osteoporosis with cerebral artery disease

Jin

Jeong²,

Lee³

et al. 2017

Medicine

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The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical association factors between osteoporosis and cerebral artery disease in Korean population. Two hundred nineteen postmenopausal women and men undergoing cerebral computed tomography angiography were enrolled in this study to evaluate the cerebral artery disease by cross-sectional study. Cerebral artery disease was diagnosed if there was narrowing of 50% higher diameter in one or more cerebral vessel artery or presence of vascular calcification. History of osteoporotic fracture was assessed using medical record, and radiographic data such as simple radiography, MRI, and bone scan. Bone mineral density was checked by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. We reviewed clinical characteristics in all patients and also performed subgroup analysis for total or extracranial/ intracranial cerebral artery disease group retrospectively. We performed statistical analysis by means of chi-square test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and Student's t-test or Wilcoxon's rank sum test for continuous variables. We also used univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the factors associated with the prevalence of cerebral artery disease. A two-tailed p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. All statistical analyses were performed using R (version 3.1.3; The R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) and SPSS (version 14.0; SPSS, Inc, Chicago, Ill, USA). Of the 219 patients, 142 had cerebral artery disease. All vertebral fracture was observed in 29 (13.24%) patients. There was significant difference in hip fracture according to the presence or absence of cerebral artery disease. In logistic regression analysis, osteoporotic hip fracture was significantly associated with extracranial cerebral artery disease after adjusting for multiple risk factors. Females with osteoporotic hip fracture were associated with total calcified cerebral artery disease. Some clinical factors such as age, hypertension, and osteoporotic hip fracture, smoking history and anti-osteoporosis drug use were associated with cerebral artery disease.

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“…It is postulated that multiple factors, e.g. osteoprotegerin, parathyroid hormone, phosphates, vitamins D and K, seem to be involved in both osteoporosis and CVD [23]. Only scarce reports indicate that osteoprotegerin most effectively illustrates the bone-arterial relationships [5,18] and, while controlling osteoclast activity and functions, it also influences the process of calcification and atherosclerosis (90% of atherosclerotic plaques undergo calcification), being also associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus and death from cardiovascular disease [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%