Osteopontin’s relationship with malnutrition and oxidative stress in adolescents. A pilot study

Abstract

Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein involved in inflammatory illnesses such as fibrosis and cancer; its overexpression in cardiovascular diseases promotes the biomineralization of blood vessels and other soft tissues. Moreover, there is an active component of oxidative stress related with those diseases. The present study relates serum OPN levels with nutritional condition and oxidative stress in a group of adolescents. Anthropometric measurements were performed, and fasting blood samples were analyzed to determine OPN concentrations, blood chemistry parameters (glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, and creatinine) and oxidative stress biomarkers (Paraoxonase-1, Glutathione S-Transferase, Catalase, NAD(P)H Quinone Oxidoreductase, free carbonyl groups and malondialdehyde). Adolescents were categorized according to body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria. We found increased OPN serum concentrations in overweight and obese adolescents, as well as in adolescents with MetS. Rises in OPN correlated with arm circumference and biomarkers of lipid peroxidation; with regard to serum glucose there was a trend to positive correlation. Our results suggest that serum OPN is associated to nutritional status and could be considered as an early biomarker of low-grade inflammation and probably the early biomineralization of soft tissues in adolescence.

Lactoferrin, Osteopontin and Lactoferrin–Osteopontin Complex: A Critical Look on Their Role in Perinatal Period and Cardiometabolic Disorders

“…The influence of weight loss was assessed on OPN status in children and adolescents, who were on a diet and exercise program [ 175 ]. The results revealed a positive relationship between decreased endogenous OPN and diminished body mass index, which confirms the data of a study documenting OPN elevation in overweight and obese subjects [ 176 ]. Interestingly, higher OPN levels were detected in the adipose tissue of morbidly obese patients in association with macrophage infiltration [ 177 , 178 ].…”

Malondialdehyde as an independent predictor of body mass index in adolescent girls

“…Also, when MDA is concerned discrepant results were reported between studies. Higher serum MDA levels were shown in some studies [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] , whereas no difference between study groups was found in the others [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] .…”

“…The small sample size is one of the limitations of this study. However, previous studies also included a relatively small number of participants [26] [35] [36] . Aztatzi-Aguilar et al [36] included an even smaller number of participants, i.e., 35 students with a median age of 16 years.…”

“…However, previous studies also included a relatively small number of participants [26] [35] [36] . Aztatzi-Aguilar et al [36] included an even smaller number of participants, i.e., 35 students with a median age of 16 years. Of them, 12 were normal weight and 23 were overweight/obese.…”

High Glycated Hemoglobin Instead of High Body Mass Index Might Increase the Urine N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase Con-Centration in Children and Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus

“…Urine biomarkers, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), beta-2 microglobulin (β2-M), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), osteopontin (OPN), and N -acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), have been extensively studied to detect DN among the pediatric population [ 10 ]. Several studies have shown that levels of certain biomarkers were significantly elevated, particularly in obese as compared to normoweight children [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Thus, it is likely that there is close crosstalk between renal injury markers and the pathophysiology of obesity.…”