Osteoinductive peptide-functionalized nanofibers with highly ordered structure as biomimetic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Abstract

The construction of functional biomimetic scaffolds that recapitulate the topographical and biochemical features of bone tissue extracellular matrix is now of topical interest in bone tissue engineering. In this study, a novel surface-functionalized electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber scaffold with highly ordered structure was developed to simulate the critical features of native bone tissue via a single step of catechol chemistry. Specially, under slightly alkaline aqueous solution, polydopamine (pDA) was coated on the surface of aligned PCL nanofibers after electrospinning, followed by covalent immobilization of bone morphogenetic protein-7-derived peptides onto the pDA-coated nanofiber surface. Contact angle measurement, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of pDA and peptides on PCL nanofiber surface. Our results demonstrated that surface modification with osteoinductive peptides could improve cytocompatibility of nanofibers in terms of cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation. Most importantly, Alizarin Red S staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunostaining, and Western blot revealed that human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on aligned nanofibers with osteoinductive peptides exhibited enhanced osteogenic differentiation potential than cells on randomly oriented nanofibers. Furthermore, the aligned nanofibers with osteoinductive peptides could direct osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells even in the absence of osteoinducting factors, suggesting superior osteogenic efficacy of biomimetic design that combines the advantages of osteoinductive peptide signal and highly ordered nanofibers on cell fate decision. The presented peptide-decorated bone-mimic nanofiber scaffolds hold a promising potential in the context of bone tissue engineering.

Aspartic and Glutamic Acid Templated Peptides Conjugation on Plasma Modified Nanofibers for Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Comparative Study

“…Materials that are modified with peptides have been shown to be more effective in bone formation. Recently, several groups have used bone ECM proteins mimetic peptides in surface modification of NF and demonstrated the positive impact of such modification on both cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation 26 , 27 .…”

Osteoinductive Effects of Free and Immobilized Bone Forming Peptide-1 on Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

“…Implants were divided into six groups: (1) PLGA scaffold only (PLGA), (2) PLGA scaffold coated with pDA (pDA-PLGA), (3) PLGA scaffold coated with pDA and BFP-1 (pDA-BFP-1-PLGA), (4) PLGA loaded with hASCs (PLGA+cell), (5) pDA-PLGA loaded with hASCs (pDA-PLGA+cell), (6) pDA- BFP-1-PLGA loaded with hASCs (pDA-BFP-1-PLGA+cell). PLGA scaffolds were sterilized with 75% ethanol for 1 h before cell seeding [ 22 , 23 ], washed twice with PBS, and immersed in PM overnight. Next, hASCs were seeded onto PLGA, pDA-PLGA, and pDA-BFP-1-PLGA films at a density of 1×10 6 cells/ml (4 scaffolds per 1 mL of cell suspension) in a low attachment well and gently rotated for 3 h at 37°C (n = 6 for each group).…”

Mesenchymal stromal cells for bone sarcoma treatment: Roadmap to clinical practice

“…Contemporary engineering and regenerative medicine techniques [165] using molecular [166] , [167] , [168] and mechanical “guidance” [169] , [170] , [171] can differentiate ADMSCs into various tissue types. Previous animal studies (157,155) demonstrated the regenerative ability of SCs that were applied either intravenously or topically, loaded on a different type of scaffolds [172] , [173] , [100] . Although MSCs have been used in humans to promote bone formation, concerning bone sarcoma, there are obvious limitations in their use [101] , [174] , [175] .…”