Osteogenic differentiation of an osteoblast precursor cell line using composite PCL-gelatin-nHAp electrospun nanofiber mesh

In vitro and in vivo advancement of multifunctional electrospun nanofiber scaffolds in wound healing applications: Innovative nanofiber designs, stem cell approaches, and future perspectives

“…Various synthetic functional polymers such as poly(glycerol sebacate), poly (3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxy valerate), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), and poly (ether urethane urea) are used to regenerate damaged skin tissue 136,137 . Many synthetic degradable polymers, specifically polylactides (PLAs) 138 and their copolymers with glycolide (PLGA), 139 polyethylene glycol (PEG), 140 and polycaprolactone (PCL) 14 are favorable materials for making degradable and functional nanofibrous skin tissue scaffolds. However, in most instances, synthetic polymers do not facilitate cellular attachment, proliferation, or infiltration in their pristine unmodified state 141 .…”

“…Electrospinning is a viable process with high‐production capability for forming nonwoven fibrous scaffolds on the submicron‐nanometer scale due to its relatively easy and inexpensive setup. To achieve the desired properties of nanofibers, many precise electrospinning parameters can be configured as a scaffold for different cellular synergies 14 . Certain parameters, such as the molecular mass of the polymer and solution viscosity, solution flow rate, surface tension, and supplied voltage, as well as the distance between spinneret tip and collector plate, may influence the morphology of nanofibers.…”

“…The physiochemical and topographical characteristics of electrospun constructs can be regulated by altering the process, solution, and ambient parameters of the electrospinning technique to the needs of a specific application 12 . Since ENs have a high surface‐to‐volume ratio, they can be chemically, physically, and biologically tailored for several biomedical uses, 13 including continuous or sustained drug delivery, tissue engineering scaffolding, 13‐15 and filtration. The method can be optimized for large‐scale manufacturing, which necessitates extensive study to completely improve and comprehend the process.…”

“…The cells then produce their own ECM to form a functional tissue, while the electrospun scaffold degrades. The multifunctional electrospun nanofiber (MEN) scaffolds have been used in a variety of tissue engineering applications due to their flexibility in material choice and ability to manipulate scaffold properties and geometries: skin, 17,18 blood vessels, 19 cartilage, 20 nerves, 21 muscle, 22 and bone 14,23,24 . In this article, we intend to provide a brief description of the electrospinning process including the principle, processing, and solution parameters that govern the morphology of the bead‐free nanofibers, the various types of electrospinning suitable for generating complex scaffold geometries.…”

Osteogenic Potential of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) Growing on Poly L-Lactide-Co-Caprolactone and Hyaluronic Acid (HYAFF-11TM) Scaffolds

“…Several studies have found that PCL, PLA, and PLCL scaffolds support stem cell growth and osteogenic differentiation [9,14,22,35,36,38,40,41], whereas hyaluronic acid-based polymers mainly support the chondrogenesis of stem cells; however, this composite also induces MSC osteogenesis [12,42]. Some authors suggest that scaffolds composed of nanofibers are structurally similar to natural bone ECMs, and this membrane might provide a better environment for stem cell proliferation and os-teogenic differentiation [29,36,43]. Based on this observation and our results, we might conclude that PLCL is a better platform for hDPSC growth than HYAFF-11™ [22,36].…”