Osteoblasts can induce dental pulp stem cells to undergo osteogenic differentiation

Abstract

Recent studies have shown that, in numerous species, systemically administered bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells undergo site-specific differentiation. This suggests that osteoblasts, by means of cytokine secretion, may promote dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to undergo osteogenesis. The objective of this study was to assess the potential synergistic interaction effect of osteoblasts on DPSCs for promotion of osteogenesis. Stem cells, derived from dental pulp of healthy human donors, were cocultured with calvaria osteoblasts using a culture insert system. The proliferation rate, calcium deposition, osteogenic-related gene expression of induced DPSCs, including Runx-2, bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and collagen-1, were assayed using MTT, Alizarin Red S staining and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Co-cultured DPSCs had the highest rate of proliferation compared with those cultured in absence of osteoblasts. The morphology and ultrastructure of DPSCs in the co-cultures showed improvement, with co-cultured DPSCs becoming more osteoblast-like as compared with DPSCs cultured alone, and the mineralization potential of cocultured DPSCs was enhanced compared with DPSCs cultured alone. Furthermore, osteogenic-related genes were significantly over-expressed in co-cultured DPSCs after osteogenic induction. The results demonstrate that DPSCs successfully differentiate towards osteoblasts and that the paracrine interaction of osteoblasts is likely to contribute to DPSC differentiation. It is believed that this study demonstrates certain useful applications for DPSCs in bone tissue engineering.

Graphene oxide-based substrate: physical and surface characterization, cytocompatibility and differentiation potential of dental pulp stem cells

“…anesthesia without aesthetic damage. They can undergo both osteoblastic and odontoblastic differentiation which make this cell type an interesting model for tissue engineering research [21,[23][24][25]. DPSCs were capable to proliferate on the GO-based substrate manufactured as observed in Figs.…”

Human dental pulp cells response to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and MTA Plus: cytotoxicity and gene expression analysis

“…In later stages of osteoblastic differentiation, osteocalcin is a bone phenotypic marker highly expressed in hDPCs (Wang et al . , Gandolfi et al . ).…”

“…Both materials stimulated an increase in mRNA expression for OC during 1 day of exposure. In later stages of osteoblastic differentiation, osteocalcin is a bone phenotypic marker highly expressed in hDPCs (Wang et al 2013, Gandolfi et al 2015b). The expression of osteocalcin in human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) after 12 h by ProRoot MTA induction has been reported in the literature (Zhao et al 2012).…”

Dental Stem Cells Characterization and Bone Regenerative Potential in Oral Medicine

“…However, it is notable that DPSCs are superior to BMMSCs in certain aspects [32]. These cells have differences in expression of pluripotent stem cell genotype when compared to other types of MSCs.…”

“…Integration between the graft and the surrounding host blood supply was achieved [5,21,32,33]. Mori et al also successfully induced DPSCs into osteoblasts [34].…”