Osteoblast–Seeded Bioglass/Gelatin Nanocomposite: A Promising Bone Substitute in Critical-Size Calvarial Defect Repair in Rat

Johari, Behrooz; Kadivar, Mehdi; Lak, Shirin; Gholipourmalekabadi, Mazaher; Urbanska, Aleksandra M.; Mozafari, Masoud; Ahmadzadehzarajabad, Maryam; Azarnezhad, Asaad; Afshari, Samane; Zargan, Jamil; Kargozar, Saeid

doi:10.5301/ijao.5000533

Cited by 45 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Short‐term cell viability and cytotoxicity were measured by MTT (Gholipourmalekabadi et al, ) and LDH‐specific activity assay (Rostami et al, ), respectively. For this purpose, the cells were cultured on the scaffold for 24, 48, and 72 h as described in our previous studies (Johari et al, ; Johari et al, ; Kazemi et al, ) and their proliferation rate was compared with those of the cells cultured in a culture plate (as a positive control). After each period of time, the culture medium was removed and centrifuged for the following cytotoxicity assay with LDH.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposite scaffold seeded with mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair

Farshadi

Johari

Ezadyar

et al. 2019

Cell Biology International

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The mechanical property of bone tissue scaffolds is one of the most important aspects in bone tissue engineering that has remained problematic. In our previous study, we fabricated a three-dimensional scaffold from nanohydroxyapatite/gelatin (nHA/Gel) and investigated its efficiency in promoting bone regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, the effect of adding silicon carbide (SiC) on the mechanical and biological behaviors of the nHA/Gel/SiC and bone regeneration in vivo were determined. nHA and SiC were synthesized and characterized by the X-ray diffraction pattern and transmission electron microscope image. Layer solvent casting, freeze drying, and lamination techniques were applied to prepare these scaffolds. Then, the biocompatibility and cell adhesion behavior of the synthesized nHA/Gel/SiC scaffolds were investigated. For in vivo studies, rats were categorized into three groups: blank defect, blank scaffold, and rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs)/scaffold. After 1, 4, and 12 weeks post-injury, the rats were sacrificed and the calvaria were harvested. Sections with a thickness of 5 µm thickness were prepared and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's Trichrome, and immunohistochemistry was performed. Our results showed that SiC effectively increased the mechanical properties of the nHA/ Gel/SiC scaffold. No significant differences were observed in biocompatibility, cell adhesion, and cytotoxicity of the nHA/Gel/SiC in comparison with the nHA/Gel nanocomposite. Based on histological and immunohistochemical studies, both osteogenesis and collagenization were significantly higher in the rBM-MSCs/scaffold group, quantitatively and qualitatively. The present study strongly suggests the potential of SiC as an alternative strategy to improve the mechanical and biological properties of bone tissue engineering scaffolds, and shows that the preseeded nHA/Gel/SiC scaffold with rBM-MSCs improves osteogenesis in the engineered bone implant.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposite scaffold seeded with mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair

Farshadi

Johari

Ezadyar

et al. 2019

Cell Biology International

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“…In the early 1990s, the first glass obtained by the sol-gel method was developed (Li et al, 1991). and infections (Fooladi, Hosseini, Hafezi, Hosseinnejad, & Nourani, 2013;Johari et al, 2016). We have demonstrated that our BG (BG90) has the marked ability to induce mineral matrix formation A number of studies have stated that BGs should exhibit a macroporous structure, which is optimal for cell growth and vascularization (Johari et al, 2016;Schindeler, McDonald, Bokko, & Little, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The enhanced bioactivity is due to the enhanced surface area (Sepulveda, Jones, & Hench, ). Accordingly, BGs have accumulated important properties to induce tissue regeneration: (a) the dissolution ions from the glasses behave like growth factors, providing signals to the host progenitor stem cells leading to osteostimulation; (b) promotion of rapid reaction on its surface forming a biologically active hydroxyapatite layer that quickly masks the biomaterial from immune cells; and (c) BGs may present antimicrobial activity, which is important to control the risk of contamination and infections (Fooladi, Hosseini, Hafezi, Hosseinnejad, & Nourani, ; Johari et al, ). We have demonstrated that our BG (BG90) has the marked ability to induce mineral matrix formation in vitro and to stimulate bone neoformation in vivo with a mild inflammatory process and similar outcomes to those of the autogenous bone graft control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactive glass containing 90% SiO ₂ in hard tissue engineering: An in vitro and in vivo characterization study

Lehman

Noronha

Diniz

et al. 2019

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Bioactive glass has been proved to have many applications in bioengineering due to its bone regenerative properties. In this work, an innovative, highly resorbable bioactive glass containing 90% SiO2 (BG90) to be used as a bone substitute was developed. The BG90 was synthetized by the sol–gel process with the dry step at room temperature. The biomaterial showed in vitro and in vivo bioactivities even with silica content up to 90%. Moreover, the BG90 presented high porosity and surface area due to its homogenously interconnected porous network. In vitro, it was observed to have high cell viability and marked osteoblastic differentiation of rat bone marrow‐derived cells when in contact with BG90 ion extracts. The BG90 transplantation into rat tibia defects was analysed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 10 weeks post‐operatively and compared with the defects of negative (no graft) and positive (autogenous bone graft) controls. After 4 weeks of grafting, the BG90 was totally resorbed and induced higher bone formation than did the positive control. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2) expression at the grafting site peaked at 1 week and decreased similarly after 7 weeks for all groups. Only the BG90 group was still exhibiting BMP‐2 expression in the last experimental time. Our data demonstrated that the BG90 could be an attractive candidate to provide useful approaches in hard‐tissue bioengineering.

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“…The conventional cell seeding process relies on the cell to adhere to the scaffold. In addition to the initial seeded cell quantity used in another study, which varied from 1.0 × 10 5 to 5.0 × 10 5 , the seeding efficiency was only 50% to 70% because most of the stem cells adhered only at the scaffold’s surfaces and easily fell off 31–34 . Therefore, the actual seeding quantity in vivo is beyond prediction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased stem cells delivered using a silk gel/scaffold complex for enhanced bone regeneration

Ding

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The low in vivo survival rate of scaffold-seeded cells is still a challenge in stem cell-based bone regeneration. This study seeks to use a silk hydrogel to deliver more stem cells into a bone defect area and prolong the viability of these cells after implantation. Rat bone marrow stem cells were mingled with silk hydrogels at the concentrations of 1.0 × 105/mL, 1.0 × 106/mL and 1.0 × 107/mL before gelation, added dropwise to a silk scaffold and applied to a rat calvarial defect. A cell tracing experiment was included to observe the preservation of cell viability and function. The results show that the hydrogel with 1.0 × 107/mL stem cells exhibited the best osteogenic effect both in vitro and in vivo. The cell-tracing experiment shows that cells in the 1.0 × 107 group still survive and actively participate in new bone formation 8 weeks after implantation. The strategy of pre-mingling stem cells with the hydrogel had the effect of delivering more stem cells for bone engineering while preserving the viability and functions of these cells in vivo.

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Osteoblast–Seeded Bioglass/Gelatin Nanocomposite: A Promising Bone Substitute in Critical-Size Calvarial Defect Repair in Rat

Abstract: We demonstrate the feasibility of engineering a nanocomposite scaffold with an architecture resembling the human bone, and provide proof-of-concept validation for our scaffold using a rat animal model.

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Nanocomposite scaffold seeded with mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair

Nanocomposite scaffold seeded with mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair

Bioactive glass containing 90% SiO ₂ in hard tissue engineering: An in vitro and in vivo characterization study

Increased stem cells delivered using a silk gel/scaffold complex for enhanced bone regeneration

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Osteoblast–Seeded Bioglass/Gelatin Nanocomposite: A Promising Bone Substitute in Critical-Size Calvarial Defect Repair in Rat

Abstract: We demonstrate the feasibility of engineering a nanocomposite scaffold with an architecture resembling the human bone, and provide proof-of-concept validation for our scaffold using a rat animal model.

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Nanocomposite scaffold seeded with mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair

Nanocomposite scaffold seeded with mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair

Bioactive glass containing 90% SiO 2 in hard tissue engineering: An in vitro and in vivo characterization study

Increased stem cells delivered using a silk gel/scaffold complex for enhanced bone regeneration

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Product

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Bioactive glass containing 90% SiO ₂ in hard tissue engineering: An in vitro and in vivo characterization study