Osteoblast-like cell responses to silicate ions released from 45S5-type bioactive glass and siloxane-doped vaterite

Abstract

Purpose: Silicate ions released from bioactive glasses and ceramics have been reported to stimulate osteogenic cell functions. Here, we evaluated osteoblast-like cell reactions to silicate ions released from two different types of materials, 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) and siloxane-doped vaterite (SiV), to investigate the influence of the ionic structure of silicate ions on osteoblast-like cell properties.Methods: BG and SiV powders were prepared by using melt-quenching and carbonation methods, respectively. Aminopropyltriethoxysilane was used as a siloxane source of SiV. MC3T3-E1 and SaOS-2 cells were cultured in media containing dissolved BG or SiV ions (10-50 ppm of Si). Cell proliferation (metabolic activity), differentiation (alkaline phosphatase activity) and mineralisation (Ca deposition) were examined. Results:29 Si NMR spectra demonstrated that Q 0,1 species and T 0-3 species were released from BG and SiV, respectively. Proliferation and mineralisation of the two types of cells were influenced by silicate ions released from BG and SiV in a concentration-dependent manner. In particular, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the degree of proliferation and Ca deposition levels in SaOS-2 cells treated with dissolved BG and SiV ions. Furthermore, Ca deposition in SaOS-2 cells was influenced by both the presence of silicate ions and the duration of exposure of cells to them. Conclusions:The structure of silicate ions influenced the proliferation and mineralisation of SaOS-2 cells incubated for different time periods in culture media containing different Si concentrations. Understanding the effect of Si on bone cell behaviour will enable a design-led approach to further BG optimisation. KeywordsSilicate ions, 45S5-type bioactive glass, Vaterite, Osteoblast-like cells

Dissolution behavior of Mg/Si-doped vaterite particles in biodegradable polymer composites

“…After 3 d, the silicate ion release was almost controlled. Obata et al [31] reported that when an appropriate amount of silicate ions was supplied only at the initial stages of cell culture, mineralization could be enhanced. Such phenomena are caused by the formation of pathways for ion release, originating from the water uptake ability of the polymer.…”

Guest editors’ preface

“…For example, novel bioactive silicate glasses (both melt-derived and solgel produced) incorporating B [7,8], bivalent ions such as Mg, Zn, Sr and Cu [9], Li [10], Ce [11], Sr [12,13], Cu, Zn [14], Mn [15], are discussed. The release of ''classical'' ions in bioactive glasses, namely Si, Ca, P, is the subject of the studies of Houreh et al [16] and Obata et al [17] in the context of dental pulp stem cells and osteoblast cell responses, respectively. Moreover novel Cu-and Fe-doped phosphate glasses and sol-gel-derived borate bioactive glasses are the subject of the contributions Mishra et al [18] and Lepry et al [19], respectively.…”

Combinatorial effects of inorganic ions on adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast‐like cells

“…Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) is the Si source used in SiV, and the Si ions released by SiV have a structure different from that of Si ions released by conventional bioactive glasses, such as 45S5 bioglass. Although osteoblast‐like cells have demonstrated differences between the responses to Si ions released from SiV and 45S5 bioglass as well as different Si dose dependence, Si ions from both sources enhance cell mineralization …”

“…Most bioactive glasses release several types of inorganic ions that form a part of their chemical compositions. For example, 45S5 bioglass releases Si, Ca, sodium (Na), and phosphate (P) ions on dissolution, of which Ca, Na, and P ions are naturally present and perform essential functions in body fluids . The dissolution product of 45S5 bioglass stimulates several cell functions, and the stimulation processes and their dose dependence to various ions have been revealed in many studies .…”

“…Here, we aimed to examine the effects of various combinations of Si, Ca, and Mg ion concentrations on cell adhesion and proliferation and to compare differences between the effects on these two processes. In this study, the ranges of Si, Ca, and Mg ion concentrations were set as 10–70, 80–400, and 25–500 ppm, respectively, based on previous studies that reported the effects of each ion on osteogenic cell functions . We first examined cell adhesion and proliferation abilities after culturing the cells in single‐, dual‐, or triple‐ion‐conditioned media and then evaluated the combinatorial effects of the three ions on these abilities.…”