Osmotic Pressure and Vasculature of Gingiva in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

Sakallıoğlu, Elif Eser; Ayas, Bülent; Sakallıoğlu, Umur; Yavuz, Ümit; Açıkgöz, Gökhan; Fıratlı, Erhan

doi:10.1902/jop.2007.060332

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Further local changes observed in diabetes conditions include an increased osmotic pressure and increased number of vessels in the gingival tissues , as well as enhanced basal membrane thickness in gingival capillaries and venules correlating with the duration of the diabetes .…”

Section: Further Local Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local inflammatory reactions in patients with diabetes and periodontitis

Sonnenschein¹,

Meyle²

2015

Periodontology 2000

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The impact of diabetes mellitus on the prevalence, severity and progression of periodontal disease has been known for many years and intense efforts have been made to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. It is widely reported that hyperglycemia causes numerous systemic changes, including altered innate immune‐cell function and metabolic changes. The aim of this review was to summarize and discuss the evidence for mechanisms that probably play a role in the altered local inflammatory reactions in the periodontium of patients with diabetes, focusing on local changes in cytokine levels, matrix metalloproteinases, reactive oxygen species, advanced glycation end‐products, immune‐cell functions, the RANKL/osteoprotegerin axis and toll‐like receptors. Apart from the systemic effects of diabetes, recent evidence suggests that local changes in the periodontal tissues are characterized by enhanced interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells and by altered leukocyte functions [resulting in increased levels of reactive oxygen species and of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐α)]. These local changes are amplified by the enhanced accumulation of advanced glycation end‐products and their interaction with receptors for advanced glycation end‐products. Furthermore, the increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines lead to an up‐regulation of RANKL in periodontal tissues, stimulating further periodontal tissue breakdown.

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Section: Further Local Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local inflammatory reactions in patients with diabetes and periodontitis

Sonnenschein¹,

Meyle²

2015

Periodontology 2000

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“…2005 , 42 , 277−345; J. Periodontol. 2007 , 78 , 757−763) and water transport in plants. It is also involved in many technological applications such as drug delivery systems ( Crit.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic Pressure beyond Concentration Restrictions

2007

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Osmosis is a fundamental physical process that involves the transit of solvent molecules across a membrane separating two liquid solutions. Osmosis plays a role in many biological processes such as fluid exchange in animal cells (Cell Biochem. Biophys. 2005, 42, 277-345;1 J. Periodontol. 2007, 78, 757-7632) and water transport in plants. It is also involved in many technological applications such as drug delivery systems (Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug. 2004, 21, 477-520;3 J. Micro-Electromech. Syst. 2004, 13, 75-824) and water purification. Extensive attention has been dedicated in the past to the modeling of osmosis, starting with the classical theories of van't Hoff and Morse. These are predictive, in the sense that they do not involve adjustable parameters; however, they are directly applicable only to limited regimes of dilute solute concentrations. Extensions beyond the domains of validity of these classical theories have required recourse to fitting parameters, transitioning therefore to semiempirical, or nonpredictive models. A novel approach was presented by Granik et al., which is not a priori restricted in concentration domains, presents no adjustable parameters, and is mechanistic, in the sense that it is based on a coupled diffusion model. In this work, we examine the validity of predictive theories of osmosis, by comparison with our new experimental results, and a meta-analysis of literature data.

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“…Using experimental rat model for diabetes Sakallioglu et al . [ 28 ] evaluated the osmotic pressure and vascular diameter in gingival tissues and proposed a correlation between these two parameters. The authors also suggested the need to investigate the vascular changes in diabetic humans as their study involved only experimentally induced rat model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the number of gingival blood vessels between type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis patients: An immunohistological study

Penmetsa¹,

Baddam²,

Manyam³

et al. 2015

J Indian Soc Periodontol

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Background:The relationship between diabetes and periodontitis has been studied for more than 50 years and is generally agreed that the periodontal disease is more prevalent in diabetic patients compared to nondiabetics. Vascular changes like increased thickness of basement membrane in small vessels has been reported in diabetic patients, but the quantity of blood vessels in gingiva of diabetic patients has not been discussed much. The aim of this study was to compare the number of blood vessels in gingiva between chronic periodontitis (CP) patients, CP with diabetes (type 2), and normal healthy gingiva.Materials and Methods:The study included 75 patients, divided into three groups of 25 patients each-Group I with healthy periodontium (HP), Group II with CP, and Group III with CP with diabetes mellitus (CPDM). Gingival biopsies were obtained from the subjects undergoing crown lengthening procedure for Group I, and in patients with CP and in CPDM biopsies were collected from teeth undergoing extraction. Sections were prepared for immune histochemical staining with CD34.Results:Difference was observed in the average number of blood vessels when compared between HP, CP, and CPDM groups. Statistical significant difference was observed when the HP and CP groups and HP and CPDM groups were compared.Conclusion:The results of the study indicated that the number of blood vessels in gingival connective tissue is significantly higher in CP and CPDM patients.

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Osmotic Pressure and Vasculature of Gingiva in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract: Our results reveal that the fluid dynamics of periodontal soft tissues may be affected by the diabetic conditions in this diabetic model because of the increased OP and VN during the pathogenesis of the disease.

Cited by 6 publications

References 52 publications

Local inflammatory reactions in patients with diabetes and periodontitis

Local inflammatory reactions in patients with diabetes and periodontitis

Osmotic Pressure beyond Concentration Restrictions

Comparison of the number of gingival blood vessels between type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis patients: An immunohistological study

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