Os saberes da enfermagem

Abstract

It is a review of literature on nursing knowledge that has its main focus on the classification of the four patterns of knowledge identified and proposed by Carper: empirical, ethical, esthetic, and personal. Research material was made up of articles published in national and international periodicals in the two last decades of the 20th century. The analysis points towards the extension of patterns of knowledge, with the addition of three others, besides those initially proposed: sociopolitical, historical, and the unknown.

The art and learning patterns of knowing in nursing

“…Implicit here is the idea that aesthetic knowledge refers to how the care is shown to the perception and experience of the other (16) . Are core elements of aesthetic: intuition, interpretation, understanding and value (3,12) .…”

“…It is the knowledge of oneself and is the basis of the relationship that is established with others (3) , it is subjective, concrete and existential (12) and for students is associated with self-knowledge, experience, reflective attitude and the relationship with each other (7) . Includes intuitive and humanistic knowledge proposed by other authors (16) .…”

“…The therapeutic use of self implies an approximation of the client as subject and the acceptance of their freedom (16) .…”

“…For some authors, ethics and esthetics are two sides of the same coin (16,17) , whose combination determines the type of care, including various ways to construct the process (17) , allowing the construction of responsible actions, with the use of all knowledge, allowing an individualized and evidence-based care with respect for dignity and human life (7) .…”

O processo de trabalho da enfermeira na central de material e esterilização

“…Nursing makes use of articulated, non-excludent knowedge standards -empirical, personal, aesthtetic, ethical, intuitive, historical, political, etc -, revealed in the daily professional practice, in which the nurse interweaves skill, sensitivity to build the art and science of the profession (25)(26) . These different expressions of knowledge in nursing showed, among other things, the search for autonomy and contruction of its own body of knowledge to base its execution in care and team coordination (27) .…”