Os efeitos da hanseníase em homens e mulheres: um estudo de gênero

Oliveira, Maria Helena Pessini de; Romanelli, Geraldo

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x1998000100013

Cited by 48 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The literature search identified 12 publications [14–25] describing the experiences of women affected by leprosy, recognising potential female-specific reasons attributed for the late diagnosis of leprosy. Publications were only selected for the review if they dealt directly with women affected by leprosy and had a robust analysis of original primary data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strong traditions, such as those summarised in articles [14,18,19] from Indonesia, Nepal and Brazil, present leprosy to have supernatural origins, such as a curse from God or ancestor for punishment of sins, or as the result of witchcraft. Where these historic traditions surround leprosy, the community stigma attached to those affected can be huge, yet these attitudes are not necessarily gender neutral.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other reasons attributed to visiting traditional healers before a medical clinic, as described by the literature, include: the lack of confidence in Western medicine and wariness of its effectiveness [16], but also, as found by two studies in Brazil [14] and India [21], the lack of knowledge surrounding the side-effects of the treatment used to treat leprosy, Multi-Drug Therapy (MDT). De Oliveria [14] in particular comments on the fear experienced by women in Brazil concerning the affect the treatment has on the appearance of the skin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…De Oliveria [14] in particular comments on the fear experienced by women in Brazil concerning the affect the treatment has on the appearance of the skin. The darkening of the skin is not only undesirable for women in terms of beauty standards, but also unwanted due to the social burden of required explanation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Being excluded from the home, unable to even touch their own children and fearing what their children must think of them, are reported to be some of the most difficult aspects of external stigmatisation experienced by women, particularly in India [20,21], Indonesia [19] and Brazil [14]. In research studies in Nepal, Van’t Noordende et al [22] and Try [23], describe the fear that women have of being in their community without ever having been married, or having experienced divorce, stating that being married is an important pillar of Nepali society.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors preventing early case detection for women affected by leprosy: a review of the literature

Price

2017

Global Health Action

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Background: Although leprosy can affect both sexes equally, it is globally reported that men are affected, or simply report, more often than females at the average ratio of 2:1. If cases are simply not being reported, women may be suffering in silence more often than men, and, therefore, understanding the social reasons for this in a number of countries could support the prevention of long-term disabilities caused as a result of leprosy. Objectives: The objective of this review is to recognise the current academic literature surrounding the potential factors for late diagnosis of women affected by leprosy, giving possible explanations for the 2:1 gender disparity observed in case detection globally. It is hoped that health practitioners will become more equipped to recognise these barriers and ensure they are doing whatever possible to encourage women to report the early symptoms of leprosy. Methods: The review used a systematic search process in order to identify gender-related publications using robust research, useful for gleaning a cross-cultural perception of issues women may confront on the prospect of a diagnosis of leprosy. Results: Identifying 12 publications from just five countries, the review found there to be four overarching areas which may be considered barriers more often faced by women: societal stigma; women’s dependence and low status; self-stigmatising attitudes; and the gender insensitivity of leprosy services. Conclusion: Stigma surrounding leprosy experienced from these four overarching areas can all be attributed to the later diagnosis of women affected by leprosy, in relation to their male counterparts. The need for future research surrounding the specific experience of women affected by leprosy is pressing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors preventing early case detection for women affected by leprosy: a review of the literature

Price

2017

Global Health Action

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A Literature Review: The History of Psychological Impact of Illness amongst People with Leprosy (PwL) in Countries across the Globe

Achdiat

Ariyanto

Simanjuntak

2021

Dermatology Research and Practice

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Background. Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease for which effective therapy has been long since invented. Thus, the morbidity has been decreased as technology has advanced, but the permanent disability has continuously generated stigma for centuries. The stigma causes the emergence of a poor psychological impact on people with leprosy (PwL). These impacts make new PwL reluctant to get appropriate therapy for their initial symptoms and are, thus, troublesome in accomplishing the goals of the leprosy elimination program. The aim of this review is to provide the history of psychological impact amongst PwL in countries across the globe. Methods. This is a literature review study. A keyword-based search was conducted in digital libraries. Articles reporting on PwL’s psychology and related issues, such as quality of life, opportunity of building a marriage, and getting hired, were included. The data were presented based on a leprosy history timeline with cutoff points, namely, the invention of promin (1941) and multidrug treatment (1970). Results. In total, 38 studies were included in this review. These studies showed that PwL’s knowledge towards leprosy has been increasing; nevertheless, their attitude is still lacking. The emotional response was described by various negative feelings that had persistently occurred. These poor psychological impacts were followed by poor treatment-seeking behavior and resulted in low quality of life. Conclusions. From year to year, the PwL’s knowledge about leprosy has been getting better; nevertheless, their attitude towards the disease is still poor. The emotional response, social participation, and quality of life of PwL are persistently poor due to the persistent stigma.

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Leprosy and gender in Brazil: trends in an endemic area of the Northeast region, 2001–2014

Souza¹,

Ferreira²,

Boigny³

et al. 2018

Rev. saúde pública

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OBJECTIVE To analyze, stratifield by gender, trends of the new case leprosy detection rates in the general population and in children; of grade 2 disability, and of proportion of multibacillary cases, in the state of Bahia, Brazil from 2001 to 2014.METHODS A time series study based on leprosy data from the National Information System for Notifiable Diseases. The time trend analysis included Poisson regression models by infection points (Joinpoint) stratified by gender.RESULTS There was a total of 40,054 new leprosy cases with a downward trend of the overall detection rate (Average Annual Percent Change [AAPC = -0.4, 95%CI -2.8–1.9] and a non-significant increase in children under 15 years (AAPC = 0.2, 95%CI -3.9–4.5). The proportion of grade 2 disability among new cases increased significantly (AAPC = 4.0, 95%CI 1.3–6.8), as well as the proportion of multibacillary cases (AAPC = 2.2, 95%CI 0.1–4.3). Stratification by gender showed a downward trend of detection rates in females and no significant change in males; in females, there was a more pronounced upward trend of the proportion of multibacillary and grade 2 disability cases.CONCLUSIONS Leprosy is still highly endemic in the state of Bahia, with active transmission, late diagnosis, and a probable hidden endemic. There are different gender patterns, indicating the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment, specifically in males without neglecting the situation among females.

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Os efeitos da hanseníase em homens e mulheres: um estudo de gênero

Abstract: On the basis of social representations, we detected gender differences in family and individual living experiences for people with Hansen's disease (HD, or leprosy)

Cited by 48 publications

References 2 publications

Factors preventing early case detection for women affected by leprosy: a review of the literature

Factors preventing early case detection for women affected by leprosy: a review of the literature

A Literature Review: The History of Psychological Impact of Illness amongst People with Leprosy (PwL) in Countries across the Globe

Leprosy and gender in Brazil: trends in an endemic area of the Northeast region, 2001–2014

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