Orthographic neighborhood size effect in Chinese character naming: Orthographic and phonological activations

Li, Qinglin; Bi, Hong‐Yan; Wei, Tongqi; Chen, Baoguo

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2010.09.012

Cited by 28 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…As was shown in Table 3, phonetic combinability did not exert a significant effect on naming RTs. Although Li et al (2011) showed an inhibitory effect for naming characters with large phonetic combinability, the effect was only observed for low-and not for high-consistency characters. This might explain why the null effect of phonetic combinability was observed in the present regression analysis, because a wide range of consistency values were used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Studies on Chinese character processing have demonstrated that a number of lexical-semantic variables affect naming RTs (Fang, Horng, & Tzeng, 1986;Feldman & Siok, 1999;Lee, Tsai, Su, Tzeng, & Hung, 2005;Li, Bi, Wei, & Chen, 2011). Variables such as frequency, regularity, age of acquisition, imageability, familiarity, and concreteness have been included in the existing psycholinguistic norms (Liu et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that radical combinability has an effect on response latencies in Chinese character processing (Chen & Weekes, 2004;Feldman & Siok, 1999;Li et al, 2011). Radical combinability can be subdivided into phonetic combinability (the number of phonograms sharing the same phonetic radical) and semantic combinability (the number of phonograms sharing the same semantic radical) by radical function.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A psycholinguistic database for traditional Chinese character naming

et al. 2015

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In this study, we aimed to provide a large-scale set of psycholinguistic norms for 3,314 traditional Chinese characters, along with their naming reaction times (RTs), collected from 140 Chinese speakers. The lexical and semantic variables in the database include frequency, regularity, familiarity, consistency, number of strokes, homophone density, semantic ambiguity rating, phonetic combinability, semantic combinability, and the number of disyllabic compound words formed by a character. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the predictive powers of these variables for the naming RTs. The results demonstrated that these variables could account for a significant portion of variance (55.8 %) in the naming RTs. An additional multiple regression analysis was conducted to demonstrate the effects of consistency and character frequency. Overall, the regression results were consistent with the findings of previous studies on Chinese character naming. This database should be useful for research into Chinese language processing, Chinese education, or crosslinguistic comparisons. The database can be accessed via an online inquiry system (http://ball.ling.sinica.edu.tw/ namingdatabase/index.html).Keywords Naming . Chinese character naming . Psycholinguistic norm . Chinese visual word recognition Understanding how readers process words, which are fundamental units for reading, has been a core issue in psycholinguistic studies. Behavioral studies have utilized tasks such as naming, lexical decision, speech perception, and synonym judgment, with the aim of understanding how orthographic, phonological, and semantic information is processed during visual word recognition. These experiments have typically employed a factorial design by manipulating one or two lexical variables (e.g., word frequency and spelling-to-sound consistency) in a limited set of stimuli, while trying to control for other lexical variables (e.g., orthographic neighborhood size and acoustic properties of onsets) in order to prevent any potential confounds. Although this approach has provided fruitful evidence to advance our understanding of how various lexical properties affect visual word recognition, it has some limitations in terms of how to select a set of items that vary in only one dimension and how to generalize the findings to a larger set of stimuli.To overcome these limitations, a number of large-scale psycholinguistic databases have been made available for languages with alphabetic orthographies, including English (Balota et al

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Section: Discussionmentioning

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A psycholinguistic database for traditional Chinese character naming

et al. 2015

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“…While the facilitatory effect of neighborhood size in naming is robust in alphabetic languages, recent studies in Chinese have showed a contradictory pattern of neighborhood size effects (Li, Bi, Wei, & Chen, 2011;Zhao, Li, & Bi, 2012), where the orthographic neighbors of phonetic radicals tend to increase naming latencies. To our knowledge, there are no studies in alphabetic languages reporting an inhibitory effect of neighborhood size in naming; this effect seems to be reported only in studies based on Chinese characters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies in Chinese character reading have examined the effects of orthographic neighborhood size and consistency simultaneously because they are closely related to phonetic radicals (Hsu, Lee, & Tzeng, 2014;Hsu, Tsai, Lee, & Tzeng, 2009;Li et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2012). Li et al (2011) found an inhibitory effect of neighborhood size for inconsistent characters while a null effect was observed for consistent characters.…”

Section: The Effect Of Orthographic Neighborhood Size In Chinese Charmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring orthographic neighborhood size effects in a computational model of Chinese character naming

Chang

Welbourne

Lee

2016

Cognitive Psychology

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Orthographic neighborhood (N) size effects have been extensively studied in English consistently producing a facilitatory effect in word naming tasks. In contrast, several recent studies on Chinese character naming have demonstrated an inhibitory effect of neighborhood size. Response latencies tend to be inhibited by inconsistent characters with large neighborhoods relative to small neighborhoods. These differences in neighborhood effects between languages may depend on the characteristics (depth) of the mapping between orthography and phonology. To explore this, we first conducted a behavioral experiment to investigate the relationship between neighborhood size, consistency and reading response.The results showed an inhibitory effect of neighborhood size for inconsistent characters but a faciliatory effect for consistent characters. We then developed two computational models based on parallel distributed processing principles to try and capture the nature of the processing that leads to these results in Chinese character naming. Simulations using models based on the triangle model of reading indicated that consistency and neighborhood size interact with the division of labor between semantics and phonology to produce these effects.

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Orthography, Word Recognition, and Reading

Braze

Gong

2017

The Handbook of Psycholinguistics

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Orthographies differ from one another in terms of their scripts and in the specifics of the mapping from script to linguistic unit. Orthographic depth, the complexity of the mapping from script to language, modulates the ease with which an orthography is learned. Within an orthography, the consistency or regularity of a particular spelling pattern will temper the difficulty with which written words containing that pattern can be recognized. There is hope for a unified cross-orthography account of visual word recognition, although details of how non-alphabetic writing systems (e.g., syllabaries, morphosyllabaries, alphasyllabaries) may be fit into theoretical frameworks built on a foundation of empirical work on alphabetic reading are not entirely clear. There is a substantial gap in the literature with regard to reading and literacy in languages that make use of non-alphabetic writing systems. This euro-centric bias in reading research continues to limit advances in our understanding of the potential for literacy as a universal human capacity.Keywords: eye movements; computational models; lexical access; lexical representation; orthography; phonology; reading; writing systems PreliminariesThe nature of connection between oral and written language has been worried over by researchers for decades, perhaps as much as a century (Huey, 1908). Huey credits V. Egger with the notion that "to read is, in effect, to translate writing into speech (Huey, 1908, p. 123)." Some 60 years later, this basic idea was well on its way to becoming a lynch pin of our modern understanding of the relationship between speech perception, printed word recognition and language comprehension. Alvin Liberman, in Kavanagh (1968), framed the idea somewhat differently when he wrote that "reading is in some sense

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Orthographic neighborhood size effect in Chinese character naming: Orthographic and phonological activations

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

A psycholinguistic database for traditional Chinese character naming

A psycholinguistic database for traditional Chinese character naming

Exploring orthographic neighborhood size effects in a computational model of Chinese character naming

Orthography, Word Recognition, and Reading

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