Orta Çağ’da Papa-İmparator Çatişmasina Bi̇r Örnek: Iv. Ludwi̇g Ve Xxii. Johannes

Abstract

Ludwig, Duke of Bavaria, who was elected as the king by the majority of German electors for the vacant imperial throne in 1314, was crowned Holy Roman German Emperor in Aachen without waiting for the approval of the papal office. In the face of this situation, Pope Johannes XXII warned Ludwig to give up his imperial claim and excommunicated him after he ignored this warning.Ludwig's answer to this was to organize an expedition to Italy instead of stepping back, and to try to dominate the imperial power there. In addition, Ludwig tried to eliminate the intervention of the papacy in the worldly sphere by declaring that the empire was based on elections, not the approval of the pope, with the laws he enacted. The article tried to deal with the power struggle of the Holy Roman German Emperor Ludwig IV and Pope Johannes XXII, who set a sample for the pope-emperor conflict in the middle ages, together with its causes and consequences, and tried to shed light on all aspects of this struggle in the light of the sources of the period and modern studies.