Oropharyngeal blood blisters are known as angina bullosa haemorrhagica

Abstract

Editor-Five years ago, when we published our research on the discrimination faced by ethnic minority doctors applying for posts as senior house officers, 1 the Department of Health considered using our methodology to monitor progress in tackling discrimination. At a recent BMA conference to discuss racial discrimination in the medical profession several speakers pointed out that racial discrimination was still endemic in the NHS and that direct policy initiatives to tackle specific examples of discrimination-for example, in the shortlisting of job applications for hospital posts-were lacking. 2 We therefore assessed whether the discrimination that we highlighted in 1992 was still prevalent because it would have serious implications for the implementation and assessment of anti-discrimination policies by the General Medical Council and the NHS Management Executive.We repeated our survey in March and April of this year, using exactly the same methods as in 1992, to see whether British trained doctors with Asian names were less likely to be shortlisted for posts as a senior house officer. Matched pairs of applications were sent for 50 advertised posts covering the specialties of paediatrics, general medicine, geriatrics, psychiatry, obstetrics and gynaecology, general surgery, orthopaedics, and vocational training schemes. Table 1 shows the results of the survey. There was again evidence that a lower proportion of Asian than English candidates were shortlisted: 36% v 52% (difference 16%; 95% confidence interval -0.4% to 25%).Our results show that discrimination against ethnic minority candidates is still prevalent five years after we first highlighted the problem and despite numerous public commitments by the profession's leaders and employers to deal with it. The discrimination is being practised by consultants, who are responsible for shortlisting for junior posts. These consultants have a responsibility to maintain the highest ethical and moral standards, and their employers have the added responsibility to ensure that equal opportunity policies are being implemented and monitored. Although the NHS Management Executive specifically requires employing authorities to carry out ethnic monitoring, only five trusts out of 50 sent equal opportunity monitoring forms to our sample.Five years ago we suggested several mechanisms, including standard and anonymised application forms together with strict enforcement and publication of the results of equal opportunity monitoring, as a means of reducing the possibility of discrimination. Sadly, little seems to have changed, and it is an indictment of our profession that we still seem to tolerate a situation in which people's careers and livelihoods are jeopardised simply because they have the wrong name (and hence the wrong colour of skin). The authors are wrong to suggest that the reconstruction of acute hospital services We did pass a range of detailed information to the Community Care Protection Group in Bromley, which I see is acknowledged at the end of the article. It i...

Recurrent episodes of angina bullosa hemorrhagica of the tongue

“…[ 9 ] Less frequently, the lesions have also been reported in the oropharynx and esophagus. [ 12 ] The lesions are usually asymptomatic however, they may be associated with pain and burning sensations of the mucosa due to ulcerations. Few patients complain of slight discomfort, xerostomia, tingling and tightness, difficulty in swallowing, choking (angina means choking), or gagging reflex if the lesions are large and seen in faucillar pillars, arytenoids, oropharynx, posterior pharynx, epiglottis, or esophagus.…”

“…Few patients complain of slight discomfort, xerostomia, tingling and tightness, difficulty in swallowing, choking (angina means choking), or gagging reflex if the lesions are large and seen in faucillar pillars, arytenoids, oropharynx, posterior pharynx, epiglottis, or esophagus. [ 12 ] Airway obstruction has also been reported very rarely with palatal or pharyngeal blisters. The patient should be made aware of the complications and advised to report immediately if symptoms persist as bullae have to be ruptured under supervision.…”

Case Report: A rare cause of oral bullae: Angina bullosa hemorrhagica

“…Patients usually mention bullae forming during or shortly after a meal. Some patients report burning just before the blister onset, but pain and burning disappear after the bursting of the bullae 3 .…”

“…Although ABH is accepted as a benign disorder, some authors reported a choking or gagging sensation when the lesions are in the posterior pharynx or in the epiglottis 3 . As a rare complication, acute upper airway obstruction was also reported 4 .…”

Angina Bullosa Hemorrhagica - An Uncommon Oral Lesion

“…Although ABH is accepted as a benign disorder, some authors reported a choking or gagging sensation when the lesions are in the posterior pharynx or in the epiglottis. [9] As a rare complication, acute upper airway obstruction was also reported. [10] Given the clinical characteristics of this disease, a specific treatment is unnecessary in most cases, recommending a symptomatic treatment of the lesions.…”