Orofacial Disorders of Patients with End Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Haemodialysis

Abstract

Several orofacial disorders in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis have been reported. However, up to the present, particularly in Indonesia, such data still limited. Objective: the purpose of this study was to assess the orofacial disorders in patients with ESDR undergoing hemodialysis at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia. Methods: The study was conducted through observation using a cross-sectional design. The subjects were selected by consecutive sampling. Ninety-three patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and enrolled in this study. They participated in the structural interview-using questionnaire assessing subjective complaints; clinical examinations; and salivary measurements. Results: Xerostomia (82.8%) dysgeusia (66.7%), metal taste (57%), perioral anesthesia (24.7%) were the common symptoms. Clinical findings consisted of tongue coating (100%), calculus deposits (97.8%), pallor of oral mucous (94.6%), sialosis (75.3%), uremic odor (40,9%), haemorrhagic spot (39.8%), angular cheilitis (37.7%), gingival bleeding (15.1%), and oral candidiasis (3.2%) were also found. Salivary changes showed the increase of salivary viscosity (86%), pH (80.6%), buffer capacity (76.3%) whereas decrease of mucous hydration level (79.6%) and the flow rates of unstimulated (22.6%) and stimulated (31.2%) whole saliva were observed. Conclusion: The findings of orofacial disorders required attention and further comprehensive management to enhance the quality of life of patients with ESDR. ABSTRAK Kelainan regio orofasial pada GGT pasien gagal ginjal terminal (GGT) yang menjalani hemodialisis. Beberapa kelaian orofasial pada pasien gagal ginjal terminal yang menjalani hemodialisis telah dilaporkan. Namun, sampai saat ini, terutama di Indonesia, data yang ada tentang hal tersebut masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelainan orofasial pada pasien GGT yang menjalani hemodialisis di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo, Indonesia. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah studi observasi potong lintang. Subjek penelitian dipilih berdasarkan metode consecutive sampling. Sebanyak 93 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi merupakan subjek penelitian ini. Subjek berpartisipasi dalam wawancara menggunakan kuesioner yang menanyakan tentang adanya keluhan subjektif, pemeriksaan klinis dan pengukuran saliva. Hasil: Serostomia (82,8%), dysgeusia (66,7%), rasa metal (57%), rasa baal perioral (24,7%) merupakan gejala yang sering ditemukan. Temuan klinis meliputi tongue coating (100%), deposit kalkulus (97,8%), mukosa mulut yang pucat (94,6%), sialosis (75,3%), bau uremik (40,9%), bercak hemoragik (39,8%), angular keilitis (37,7%), perdarahan gingival (15,1%), dan kandidiasis oral (3,2%). Perubahan saliva terkait peningkatan viskositas (86%), pH (80,6%), kapasitas dapar (76,3%). Selanjutnya terjadi pengurangan tingkat hidrasi mukosa (79,6%) dan laju alir saliva tanpa stimulasi (22,6%) dan dengan stimulasi (31,2%). Simpulan: Temuan kelaianan orofasial pada penelitian ini membutuhkan perhat...

Revisiting oral thrush in South‐East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000–2020)

“…Reports on oral thrush cases amongst non‐HIV‐infected patients are limited in the SEA region. Oral thrush has been reported amongst patients with diabetes (29.2%), 32 end‐stage renal disease (40.9%) 25 and those with palatal coverage orthodontic appliances and prostheses (4%–72.7%) 19,30 . In a Malaysian study, patients with upper acrylic dentures and removable orthodontic appliances (URA) had significantly higher cases (56.7% and 72.7%, respectively) than the non‐appliance control group (20.6%), 30 while in a Thai study, 9.7% of complete denture wearers had oral candidiasis 19 .…”

“…Eventually, 22 studies involving 3697 subjects were reviewed and the study details are summarized in Table 1. Amongst these studies, 10 were conducted in Thailand 7,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] ; three in Cambodia, [22][23][24] Indonesia [25][26][27] and Malaysia [28][29][30] ; two in Vietnam 31,32 ; and one in Singapore. 33 The incidence and clinical presentations of oral candidiasis are summarized in the section below.…”