“…Since the initial discovery of AFPs in fish and insects, they have been discovered in a large number of various organisms across many taxa, including bacteria (Yamashita et al, 2002;Gilbert et al, 2005), diatoms (Raymond and Fritsen, 2001), algae (Raymond et al, 2009), yeast (Lee et al, 2010), lichens (Sidebottom et al, 1999), fungi, plants (Newsted et al, 1994;Hoshino et al, 2003;Duman and Olsen, 1993), nematodes (Wharton et al, 2005), insects (Duman, 1977;Duman et al, 2004), Collembola (Meier and Zettel, 1997), and polar fish (DeVries, 1968;Cheng and DeVries, 2002;Brown and Sö nnichsen, 2002).…”