Originalarbeit: Kleinkinder und ihre Familien zu Zeiten der COVID-19 Pandemie in der Schweiz

Abstract

Zusammenfassung: Um Auswirkungen der Einschränkungen zur Eindämmung der COVID-19-Pandemie im Frühling 2020 auf den Alltag und das Wohlbefinden von Kleinkindern und ihren Familien zu erfassen, wurden während dieser Zeit in der Schweiz 55 leitfadengestützte Telefoninterviews mit Müttern und Vätern mit mindestens einem Kind im Alter von bis zu 4 Jahren geführt. Die Organisation von Betreuung und gleichzeitigem Homeoffice war anspruchsvoll. Die Eltern berichteten, dass sich für ihr Wohlbefinden und somit auch für dasjenige der Kinder ein strukturierter, aber nicht starrer Tagesablauf, einschließlich flexibler Homeoffice-Lösungen, bewährte. Wichtig waren zudem eine sinnvolle Aufteilung der zusätzlich anfallenden Aufgaben und die Möglichkeit, nach draußen zu gehen. Es werden Vorschläge eruiert, welche aus Sicht der Interviewten zur Entlastung beigetragen hätten.

COVID-19 and mental health in children and adolescents: a diagnostic panel to map psycho-social consequences in the pandemic context

“…More time in front of screen media can also have a problematic impact both directly, but especially violence against children on the internet seems to have increased [ 55 – 57 ]. Especially for younger children, changes in daily structure seems to have a high impact as well [ 8 , 16 , 58 , 59 ], while adolescents also perceive the omnipresent “culture of panic” [ 7 ] as a burden.…”

“…Of course, these most important attachment figures are also exposed to considerable psychological risk and their behaviour towards the child changes [ 22 , 39 , 68 , 78 ]. Changes in the common daily structure [ 16 , 58 , 59 , 78 , 79 ] and in conflict behaviour (up to violence) can become the new system conditions in this context [ 8 , 68 , 71 , 72 , 80 ].…”

“…Here, processes of anxiety, isolation, and loneliness can also emerge, depending on the degree of actual isolation and perception [ 69 , 70 ]. Role relations, for example, between parents, can also shift [ 3 , 8 , 16 ], which can be both a resource (in the case of more equality and role distribution) and a threat (in the case of a patriarchal role model). Violent relationship patterns can also be manifested under conditions of narrowness and lack of escape options at the parental level [ 8 , 39 , 81 ].…”

“…Beyond the scope of parental custody behaviors, family conflict and domestic violence during restrictive pandemic restrictions such as lockdown, quarantine, contact restrictions, social distancing, and curfews appear to be a particular risk factor for children that needs to be considered more closely in terms of its dynamics [ 3 , 73 , 86 ]. Especially with regard to conflict tensions, which seem to have increased significantly in the phases of severe restriction [ 21 , 52 ], increased alcohol consumption [ 81 ], shifting daily structures, and male and female roles [ 3 , 16 , 59 , 79 ] are important points of observation. In some families, such processes may have increased to the point of family violence [ 8 , 56 , 71 – 73 , 80 ].…”

Exploring the role of COVID-19 pandemic-related changes in social interactions on preschoolers' emotion labeling

“…Since the beginnings of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, this historic event has dramatically changed people's social life: People had to communicate via video calls, keep distance when encountering each other, reduce the number of people they meet in person, and stay at home whenever possible. Among other factors, these changes have led to decreased wellbeing and higher stress and depression levels (Lannen et al, 2020 ; Russell et al, 2020 ; Cerniglia et al, 2021 ). Additionally, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended wearing facial masks as part of the strategy to slow down the spread in June 2020.…”