Original Articles

Abstract

Related to examine of using mustard gas, production and its effects, review with through examples, First World War when mustard gas used for the first time on the battlefield, Iran-Iraq War and Syrian Civil War.

1-methylcyclopropene effects on volatile profile and quality of 'Royal Gala' apples produced in Southern Brazil and stored in controlled atmosphere

“…This result disagrees with a result obtained in 'Jonagold' apples, on which the 1-MCP application decreased the hexanal and 2(E)-hexenal production (CONTRERAS & BEAUDRY, 2013). Probably, the higher hexanal and 2(E)-hexenal is a result of higher lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, once this enzyme transform fatty acids in hexanal and 2(E)-hexenal (DIMICK et al, 1983;SONG & BANGERTH, 2003;CONTRERAS & BEAUDRY, 2013). On the other hand, the higher hexanal and 2(E)-hexenal could be a result of the lower ADH enzyme activity, that reduced the conversion to alcohols, especially 1-hexanol, in fruits treated with 1-MCP (Table 1).…”

“…These compounds can have three different origins: from fatty acids, proteins and carbohydrates (DIMICK et al, 1983). An important enzyme on this step is acyl CoA reductase, which reduces acyl CoA to aldehyde, in the ester formation pathway (DEFILIPPI et al, 2005).…”

Further development of the theory and mathematical description of combined toxicity: An approach to classifying types of action of three-factorial combinations (a case study of manganese–chromium–nickel subchronic intoxication)

“…For instance, manganese was found to attenuate chromium toxicity for a water plant by inhibiting its uptake in combined metal treatments (Sinha et al, 1993). In a chronic experiment on rats conducted in our laboratory, the additivity of the opposite (contra-directional) effects of separately administered chromium and manganese on the red blood cells (RBC) count resulted in the normalization of the latter under a combined exposure, i.e., we demonstrated an explicit antagonism (Katsnelson, 2002).…”

A Revolutionary Road: An Analysis of Persons Living With Hepatitis B in China

“…Information support and emotional support are the most prevalent forms of online behaviors of those living with HIV, followed by esteem support, network support, and tangible support (Mo & Coulson, 2008). Online support groups also serve as a communication tool with providers (Kalichman et al, 2002), a venue of sharing personal experience, expressing gratitude and offering congratulations (Coursaris & Liu, 2009), and exchanging humor and inspiration (Peterson, 2009).…”