Origin of the Ninety East Ridge from studies near the equator

Bowin, Carl

doi:10.1029/jb078i026p06029

Cited by 132 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This feature has been viewed as an uplifted fragment of oceanic crust (Francis and Raitt, 1967;Laughton et al, 1970) or as the result of convergence and overthrusting of the two adjacent basins (Le Pichon and Heirtzler, 1968) linked to a spreading reorganization of the Southeast Indian Ridge in the Eocene (McKenzie and Sclater, 1971). The small-amplitude free air gravity anomaly over the ridge (<IOO mgal;Le Pichon and Talwani, 1969) implies a locally compensated structure that was subsequently faulted (Bowin, 1973). Ninetyeast Ridge has also been interpreted as a paleospreading center (Veevers et al, 1971) and as a fracture zone related to the northward drift of India (McKenzie and Sclater, 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic Constraints on the Hotspot Formation of Ninetyeast Ridge

Royer¹,

Peirce²,

Weissel³

1991

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

106

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This paper examines the constraints on the tectonic setting of Ninetyeast Ridge, based on a compilation of bathymetric and magnetic data from the basins surrounding Ninetyeast Ridge in the Indian Ocean that includes the magnetic profiles collected under way during ODP Leg 121. Magnetic data in the Central Indian Basin demonstrate that the spreading center immediately west of Ninetyeast Ridge jumped to the south by a total amount of 11° between 68 and 46 Ma, implying that parts of the mirror image of Ninetyeast Ridge on the Antarctic plate were transferred onto the Indian plate. The obliquity of Ninetyeast Ridge relative to the fracture zone pattern and the occurrence of an Eocene extinct spreading axis in the Wharton Basin suggest that the northern part of Ninetyeast Ridge was emplaced by intraplate volcanism on the Indian plate, whereas the middle and southern parts of the ridge were emplaced along transform plate boundaries.The northward drift of the Indian plate over a single hot spot is the most plausible origin for Ninetyeast Ridge. Based on a recent kinematic model for the relative motions of the Indian, Antarctic, and Australian plates, we present a simple model that reconciles most of the available observations for Ninetyeast Ridge: Paleomagnetism, distribution of basement ages, geochemistry, and geometry. In addition, the model predicts a slow westward migration of the Kerguelen/Ninetyeast hot spot with respect to the Antarctic and Australian plates between the Late Cretaceous and early Oligocene (84 to 36 Ma). Allowing the hot spot to move slowly permits an excellent match to both the position and age of the volcanism along Ninetyeast Ridge and also provides a model for excess topography on the Kerguelen Plateau. Finally, comparisons of published hot-spot reference frames suggest that the Kerguelen/Ninetyeast hot spot also migrated with respect to the Atlantic and western Indian Ocean hot spots.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic Constraints on the Hotspot Formation of Ninetyeast Ridge

Royer¹,

Peirce²,

Weissel³

1991

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

106

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show abstract

“…The only purely oceanic transform fault of such a large extent that has been magnetically documented is the Ninety-east Ridge (Sclater and Fisher, 1974), which is no longer active. There are also other interpretations of the origin of this feature (Bowin, 1973 (2) The magnetic anomalies identified in this paper appear to have originated near to or just south of the equator. This (3) The elevation of the West Basin is depressed by 1 km from standard oceanic depths of corresponding ages taken from the North Pacific (Sclater et al, 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The origin and tectonic history of the Southwest Philippine Sea

Louden¹

1976

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“…The subsidence of the ridge with time follows the Parsons and Sclater (1977) age-depth curve for the oceanic crust, but with an offset to sea level at time zero (Detrick et al, 1977). The ridge is in local isostatic compensation (Bowin, 1973), which suggests that it formed on young, weak oceanic crust; this is in contrast to Hawaii, where the surrounding gravity anomalies and moat are evidence of volcanic loading on a relatively strong oceanic crust. Basement paleolatitudes are all near 50°S (Peirce, 1978), and the basalt geochemistry is similar to that of lavas from oceanic islands, particularly Kerguelen Island (Frey et al, 1977;Weis et al, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%