Origin of the Direct and Reflected Head of the Rectus Femoris: An Anatomic Study

Ryan, John; Harris, Joshua D.; Graham, William C.; Virk, Sohrab; Ellis, Thomas J.

doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2014.03.003

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…According to an anatomic study of Ryan et al, the bony footprint of the DH on AIIS has been measured at 13-mm (short axis) and 26-mm (long axis) whereas the IH footprint on the acetabulum is 17-mm (short axis) and 48-mm (long axis) [6]. The direct or straight tendon arises from the AIIS and forms the superficial fascia of the muscle.…”

Section: Anatomy and Embryologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the most useful tools to describe such disorders [5]. Nevertheless, if recent anatomic studies have described precisely the IH, less is known about its imaging method, especially with ultrasound [6]. Otherwise, new methods of surgical release have been recently described to treat chronic tendinopathies [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies

et al. 2016

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The rectus femoris is the most commonly injured muscle of the anterior thigh among athletes, especially soccer players. Although the injury pattern of the muscle belly is well documented, less is known about the anatomy and specific lesions of the proximal tendons. For each head, three distinctive patterns may be encountered according to the location of the injury, which can be at the enthesis, within the tendon, or at the musculotendinous junction. In children, injuries correspond most commonly to avulsion of the anteroinferior iliac spine from the direct head and can lead to subspine impingement. Calcific tendinitis and traumatic tears may be encountered in adults. Recent studies have shown that traumatic injuries of the indirect head may be underdiagnosed and that injuries of both heads may have a surgical issue. Finally, in the case of tears, functional outcome and treatment may vary if the rupture involves one or both tendons and if the tear is partial or complete. Thus, it is mandatory for the radiologist to know the different ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) patterns of these lesions in order to provide accurate diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this article is to recall the anatomy of the two heads of rectus femoris, describe a reliable method of assessment with ultrasound and MRI and know the main injury patterns, through our own experience and literature review.

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Section: Anatomy and Embryologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies

et al. 2016

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“…The rectus femoris is situated in the middle of the front of the thigh, and it arises by two tendons: one from the anterior inferior iliac spine (direct head) and the other from a groove above the rim of the acetabulum (reflected head). The average dimensions of the footprint of the direct head of the rectus femoris are 13.4 (±1.7) mm (medial-lateral) ×26.0 (±4.1) mm (cranial-caudal) [19]. The labrum, the anterior capsule, and rectus femoris can be involved in this form of impingement [20,21].…”

Section: Subspine Impingement Anatomical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of extra-articular hip impingement syndromes

Nakano

Yip

Khanduja

2017

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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Purpose Extra-articular hip impingement syndromes encompass a group of conditions that have previously been an unrecognised source of pain in the hip and on occasion been associated with intra-articular hip impingement as well. As arthroscopic techniques for the hip continue to evolve, the importance of these conditions has been recognised recently and now form an important part of the differential of an individual presenting with hip pain. The aim of this article, therefore, is to provide the reader with an evidence-based and comprehensive update of these syndromes. Methods By reviewing past literature, the anatomy, pathophysiology, clinical features and the management of the five common extra-articular hip impingement syndromes were described. Results The common extra-articular impingement syndromes are: 1) Ischiofemoral impingement: quadratus femoris muscle becomes compressed between the lesser trochanter and the ischial tuberosity. 2) Subspine impingement: mechanical conflict occurs between an enlarged or malorientated anterior inferior iliac spine and the distal anterior femoral neck. 3) Iliopsoas impingement: mechanical conflict occurs between the iliopsoas muscle and the labrum, resulting in distinct anterior labral pathology. 4) Deep gluteal syndrome: pain occurs in the buttock due to the entrapment of the sciatic nerve in the deep gluteal space. 5) Pectineofoveal impingement: pain occurs when the medial synovial fold impinges against overlying soft tissue, primarily the zona orbicularis. Knowledge for these syndromes still remains limited for reasons mostly relating to their low prevalence and their co-existence with typical femoro-acetabular impingement. Conclusions The knowledge of extra-articular hip impingement syndromes is essential and should form a part of the differential diagnoses alongside intra-articular pathology including femoro-acetabular impingement particularly in the younger patient with a non-arthritic hip.

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“…AIIS is located outside the joint capsule of the hip joint, and its abnormal morphology may result in dysfunction of the hip and clinical symptoms (Ryan et al, 2014). The new classification proposed in this study will provide the morphological basis for conducting further clinical studies in different populations and will aid in relating the different types of AIIS with the potential for the development of symptomatic impingement.…”

Section: Morales-avalos R; Leyva-villegas J I; Sánchez-mejoradamentioning

confidence: 99%

A new Morphological Classification of the Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine: Relevance in Subspine Hip Impingement

et al. 2015

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MORALES-AVALOSSUMMARY: Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI) is a clinical entity that has been recognized in recent years as a frequent cause of pain and the early development of hip arthrosis. Subspine hip impingement is characterized by the prominent or abnormal morphology of the anteroinferior iliac spine (AIIS), which contributes to the development of a clinical picture that is similar to FAI. The aims of this study were to propose a new morphological classification of the AIIS, to determine the prevalence of the different AIIS morphologies based on this classification and to correlate the presence of said morphologies with different gender and age groups. The sample consisted of 458 hemipelvises from individuals of known age and sex (264 men and 194 women). Each specimen was analyzed to determine the prevalence of each of the different morphologies of the AIIS based on the classification proposed as Type 1: the presence of a concave surface between the AIIS and the acetabular rim; Type 2A: the presence of a flat surface between the AIIS and the acetabular rim; Type 2B the presence of a convex surface between the AIIS and the acetabular rim; and Type 3: the AIIS protrudes inferiorly toward the anterior acetabulum. A prevalence of 69.87% was determined for Type 1 AIIS (320/458). In regard to abnormal morphology, prevalences of 17.90% (82/458), 3.71% (17/458) and 8.52% (39/458) were determined for type 2A, Type 2B and Type 3, respectively. The prevalence of abnormal AIIS morphology was 30.30% (80/264) in male specimens and 29.90% (58/194) in female specimens. This study demonstrates the prevalence of the different morphologies of the AIIS, providing information that will be useful in determining the role of the AIIS in the emergence of subspine hip impingement.

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Origin of the Direct and Reflected Head of the Rectus Femoris: An Anatomic Study

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies

Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies

Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of extra-articular hip impingement syndromes

A new Morphological Classification of the Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine: Relevance in Subspine Hip Impingement

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