Origin of ground fissures in the Shanxi Graben System, Northern China

Li, Youli; Yang, Jun; Hu, Xiaomeng

doi:10.1016/s0013-7952(99)00082-4

Cited by 95 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Likely examples are recorded in the southwestern USA Jachens and Holzer, 1982;Holzer and Galloway, 2005], central Mexico [Pacheco et al, 2006;Carre on-Freyre et al, 2010, Iran [Ziaie et al, 2009;Mahmoudpour et al, 2013], Saudi Arabia [Bankher and Al-Harthia, 1999], and China [Li et al, 2000;Shi et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2009].…”

Section: Ground Rupturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomechanics of subsurface water withdrawal and injection

Gambolati

Teatini

2015

Water Resources Research

127

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Land subsidence and uplift, ground ruptures, and induced seismicity are the principal geomechanic effects of groundwater withdrawal and injection. The major environmental consequence of groundwater pumping is anthropogenic land subsidence. The first observation concerning land settlement linked to subsurface processes was made in 1926 by the American geologists Pratt and Johnson, who wrote that ''the cause of subsidence is to be found in the extensive extraction of fluid from beneath the affected area.'' Since then, impressive progress has been made in terms of: (a) recognizing the basic hydrologic and geomechanic principles underlying the occurrence; (b) measuring aquifer compaction and ground displacements, both vertical and horizontal; (c) modeling and predicting the past and future event; and (d) mitigating environmental impact through aquifer recharge and/or surface water injection. The first milestone in the theory of pumped aquifer consolidation was reached in 1923 by Terzaghi, who introduced the principle of ''effective intergranular stress.'' In the early 1970s, the emerging computer technology facilitated development of the first mathematical model of the subsidence of Venice, made by Gambolati and Freeze. Since then, the comprehension, measuring, and simulation of the occurrence have improved dramatically. More challenging today are the issues of ground ruptures and induced/ triggered seismicity, which call for a shift from the classical continuum approach to discontinuous mechanics. Although well known for decades, anthropogenic land subsidence is still threatening large urban centers and deltaic areas worldwide, such as Bangkok, Jakarta, and Mexico City, at rates in the order of 10 cm/yr.

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Section: Ground Rupturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomechanics of subsurface water withdrawal and injection

Gambolati

Teatini

2015

Water Resources Research

127

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“…Apart from a few occurrences, for example those in Suzhou‐Wuxi‐Changzhou area, Yangtze River delta, China (Ye et al, ; Zhang et al, ), ground ruptures associated with groundwater pumping generally develop in arid or semiarid basins. The largest densities of ground ruptures are located in Arizona, USA (Conway, ; Jachens & Holzer, ), central Mexico (Carreón‐Freyre, ; Carreón‐Freyre et al, ; Teatini et al, ), northern China (Li et al, ; Peng et al, ), and Iran (Ziaie et al, ), where the average annual precipitation is 200, 500, 550, and 300 mm, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Parametric Numerical Analysis of Factors Controlling Ground Ruptures Caused by Groundwater Pumping

Frigo

Ferronato

et al. 2019

Water Resources Research

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A modeling analysis is used to investigate the relative susceptibility of various hydrogeologic configurations to aseismic rupture generation due to deformation of aquifer systems accompanying groundwater pumping. An advanced numerical model (GEPS3D) is used to simulate rupture generation and propagation for three typical processes: (i) reactivation of a preexisting fault, (ii) differential compaction due to variations in thickness of aquifer/aquitard layers constituting the aquifer system, and (iii) tensile fracturing above a bedrock ridge that forms the base of the aquifer system. A sensitivity analysis is developed to address the relative importance of various factors, including aquifer depletion, aquifer thickness, the possible uneven distribution and depth below land surface of the aquifer/aquitard layers susceptible to aquifer‐system compaction, and the height of bedrock ridges beneath the aquifer system which contributes to thinning of the aquifer system. The rupture evolution is classified in two occurrences. In one, the rupture develops at either the top of the aquifer or at land surface and does not propagate. In the other, the developed rupture propagates from the aquifer top toward the land surface and/or from the land surface downward. The aquifer depth is the most important factor controlling rupture evolution. Specifically, the probability of a significant rupture propagation is higher when the aquifer top is near land surface. The numerical results are processed by a statistical regression analysis to provide a general methodology for a preliminary evaluation of possible ruptures development in exploited aquifer systems susceptible to compaction and accompanying land subsidence. A comparison with a few representative case studies in Arizona, USA, China, and Mexico supports the study outcomes.

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“…The consequent adjustment of the stress field and the volumetric deformation of the geologic formations can reactivate faults located in the surroundings of the reservoir (Trugman et al, 2014), induce seismic events (Lei et al, 2013), produce localized ground ruptures (Li et al, 2000), land subsidence (Fielding et al, 1998;Motagh et al, 2008;Chang et al, 2014), or uplift (Vasco et al, 2010;Teatini et al, 2011). Thus, reservoir management raises serious concerns in terms of human health, safety of structures and infrastructures, economic risks, and environmental and hydrologic impact (Morton et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient global optimization of reservoir geomechanical parameters based on synthetic aperture radar-derived ground displacements

et al. 2016

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When large volumes of fluids are removed from or injected into underground formations for, e.g., hydrocarbon and water production, CO 2 storage, gas storage, and geothermal energy exploitation, monitoring of surface deformations coupled to numerical modeling improves our understanding of reservoir behavior. The ability to accurately simulate surface displacements, however, is often impaired by limited information on reservoir geometry, waterdrive strength, and fluid-geomechanical parameters characterizing the geologic formations of interest. We have investigated the ability of efficient global optimization (EGO) to reduce the parameter uncertainties usually affecting geomechanical modeling. EGO is used to identify the parameter set that minimizes the difference in land displacements obtained from synthetic aperture radar (SAR)-derived measurements and 3D geomechanical modeling. We have tested the approach on the Tengiz giant oil field, Kazakhstan, where large uncertainties affect our knowledge of geomechanical parameters and pore pressure evolution. SqueeSAR on ENVISAT and RADARSAT-1 images acquired between 2004 and 2007 provided a set of high-precision, high-areal-density subsidence measurements of the test site. Based on the available information, a 3D geomechanical model of the reservoir has been developed using the elastoplastic finite-element code GEPS3D. Our results indicated that EGO efficiently identifies the global optimum in the parameter space, yielding a significant reduction in the difference between modeled and measured land subsidence. The match between simulated and SAR-measured horizontal displacements was developed as validation of the EGO calibration, which thus proved an effective and rather inexpensive method for the simultaneous management of several uncertainties and the reliable quantification of the rock properties.

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Origin of ground fissures in the Shanxi Graben System, Northern China

Cited by 95 publications

References 12 publications

Geomechanics of subsurface water withdrawal and injection

Geomechanics of subsurface water withdrawal and injection

A Parametric Numerical Analysis of Factors Controlling Ground Ruptures Caused by Groundwater Pumping

Efficient global optimization of reservoir geomechanical parameters based on synthetic aperture radar-derived ground displacements

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