Origin, evolution and innate immune control of simian foamy viruses in humans

Rua, Réjane; Gessain, Antoine

doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2014.12.003

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…Our results indicate that infection by the herpesviruses CMV, LCV and RRV and by the retrovirus SFV is frequent and often acquired early in life in the macaque population studied. These results are generally in keeping with published data (Chu et al, 1971;Ishida and Varavudhi, 1992;Ryan and Rose, 2013;Vogel et al, 1994;Calattini et al, 2006;Jones-Engel et al, 2007Muniz et al, 2015) although the macaque colony in Gibraltar was found to be CMV negative, for reasons not fully understood . Transmission is thought to occur via the oral route and/or through bites and scratches.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Seroprevalence of viral infections in captive rhesus and cynomolgus macaques

2019

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Abstract. Macaques serve as important animal models for biomedical research. Viral infection of macaques can compromise animal health as well as the results of biomedical research, and infected animals constitute an occupational health risk. Therefore, monitoring macaque colonies for viral infection is an important task. We used a commercial chip-based assay to analyze sera of 231 macaques for the presence of antibody responses against nine animal and human viruses. We report high seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV), lymphocryptovirus (LCV), rhesus rhadinovirus (RRV) and simian foamy virus (SFV) antibodies in all age groups. In contrast, antibodies against simian retrovirus type D (SRV/D) and simian T cell leukemia virus (STLV) were detected only in 5 % and 10 % of animals, respectively, and were only found in adult or aged animals. Moreover, none of the animals had antibodies against herpes B virus (BV), in keeping with the results of in-house tests previously used for screening. Finally, an increased seroprevalence of measles virus antibodies in animals with extensive exposure to multiple humans for extended periods of time was observed. However, most of these animals were obtained from external sources, and a lack of information on the measles antibody status of the animals at the time of arrival precluded drawing reliable conclusions from the data. In sum, we show, that in the colony studied, CMV, LCV, RRV and SFV infection was ubiquitous and likely acquired early in life while SRV/D and STLV infection was rare and likely acquired during adulthood.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Seroprevalence of viral infections in captive rhesus and cynomolgus macaques

2019

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“…FV replication is inhibited by IFN-α, -β, and -γ. Two possible escape mechanisms from the antiviral action of IFNs have been described for FVs: the low lysine content of the Gag protein conferring partial resistance to IFN-α in primary cells and the synthesis of an miRNA inhibiting response to IFN [27]; (3) most steps of the FV life cycle are sensitive to the action of major IFN-induced restriction factors, including the alpha isoform of tripartite motif-containing protein 5 (TRIM5α), apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC), interferon-induced 35 kDa protein (IFP35), TRIM19, and Tetherin [20,31]; (4) regarding the adaptive immune effectors, FV-virus specific T lymphocytes have not been described thus far. Neutralizing antibodies against cell-free FV are detected in most animal and human hosts.…”

Section: Summary Of Scientific Sessionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eleventh International Foamy Virus Conference—Meeting Report

Buseyne

Gessain

Soares

et al. 2016

Viruses

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The Eleventh International Foamy Virus Conference took place on 9–10 June 2016 at the Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. The meeting reviewed progress on foamy virus (FV) research, as well as related current topics in retrovirology. FVs are complex retroviruses that are widespread in several animal species. Several research topics on these viruses are relevant to human health: cross-species transmission and viral emergence, vectors for gene therapy, development of antiretroviral drugs, retroviral evolution and its influence on the human genome. In this article, we review the conference presentations on these viruses and highlight the major questions to be answered.

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“…FVs are naturally endemic to most non-human primates (NHPs), including New and Old World monkeys and apes, cats, cows, horses, tree shrews, sea lions, and bats (reviewed in [2,8,9]). In addition, endogenized copies of FV genomes were identified in sloths, the aye-aye, the Cap golden mole [10,11], cod [12], platyfish [12], zebra fish, and the coelacanth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Innate Sensing of Prototype Foamy Viruses in Myeloid Cells

Bergez

Weber

Rieß

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Foamy viruses (FVs) belong to the Spumaretrovirinae subfamily of retroviruses and are characterized by unique features in their replication strategy. This includes a reverse transcription (RTr) step of the packaged RNA genome late in replication, resulting in the release of particles with a fraction of them already containing an infectious viral DNA (vDNA) genome. Little is known about the immune responses against FVs in their hosts, which control infection and may be responsible for their apparent apathogenic nature. We studied the interaction of FVs with the innate immune system in myeloid cells, and characterized the viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and the cellular pattern recognition receptors and sensing pathways involved. Upon cytoplasmic access, full-length but not minimal vector genome containing FVs with active reverse transcriptase, induced an efficient innate immune response in various myeloid cells. It was dependent on cellular cGAS and STING and largely unaffected by RTr inhibition during viral entry. This suggests that RTr products, which are generated during FV morphogenesis in infected cells, and are therefore already present in FV particles taken up by immune cells, are the main PAMPs of FVs with full-length genomes sensed in a cGAS and STING-dependent manner by the innate immune system in host cells of the myeloid lineage.

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Origin, evolution and innate immune control of simian foamy viruses in humans

Cited by 21 publications

References 61 publications

Seroprevalence of viral infections in captive rhesus and cynomolgus macaques

Seroprevalence of viral infections in captive rhesus and cynomolgus macaques

Eleventh International Foamy Virus Conference—Meeting Report

Insights into Innate Sensing of Prototype Foamy Viruses in Myeloid Cells

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