Eleventh International Foamy Virus Conference—Meeting Report

Buseyne, Florence; Gessain, Antoine; Soares, Marcelo A.; Santos, André F.; Materniak-Kornas, Magdalena; Lesage, Pascale; Zamborlini, Alessia; Löchelt, Martin; Qiao, Wentao; Lindemann, Dirk; Wöhrl, Birgitta M.; Stoye, Jonathan P.; Taylor, Ian A.; Khan, Arifa S.

doi:10.3390/v8110318

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, formal nomenclature for designating virus isolates is lacking, particularly for simian foamy viruses, which has led to some confusion in virus descriptions and references in publications and retrieval of sequences deposited in public databases. The critical need for updating spumaretrovirus taxonomy and for developing a consensus nomenclature for different foamy viruses was recognized by the scientific community and discussed at the International Foamy Virus Conference held in 2014 in Puławy, Poland (59) and in 2016 in Paris, France (60).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spumaretroviruses: Updated taxonomy and nomenclature

et al. 2018

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Spumaretroviruses, commonly referred to as foamy viruses, are complex retroviruses belonging to the subfamily Spumaretrovirinae, family Retroviridae, which naturally infect a variety of animals including nonhuman primates (NHPs). Additionally, cross-species transmissions of simian foamy viruses (SFVs) to humans have occurred following exposure to tissues of infected NHPs. Recent research has led to the identification of previously unknown exogenous foamy viruses, and to the discovery of endogenous spumaretrovirus sequences in a variety of host genomes. Here, we describe an updated spumaretrovirus taxonomy that has been recently accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Executive Committee, and describe a virus nomenclature that is generally consistent with that used for other retroviruses, such as lentiviruses and deltaretroviruses. This taxonomy can be applied to distinguish different, but closely related, primate (e.g., human, ape, simian) foamy viruses as well as those from other hosts. This proposal accounts for host-virus co-speciation and cross-species transmission.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spumaretroviruses: Updated taxonomy and nomenclature

et al. 2018

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“…These features may allow us to track the development and evolution of their unique molecular biology and to identify or at least postulate mechanisms that (may) have led to this mosaic of unique and unconventional features. Unravelling the basic mechanisms of FV biology has already opened new avenues of FV vector development, but may also shed new light into the evolution of their apparent apathogenicity and peaceful co-evolution/co-habitation with their hosts [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Unique, the Known, and the Unknown of Spumaretrovirus Assembly

Lindemann

Hütter

Wei

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Within the family of Retroviridae, foamy viruses (FVs) are unique and unconventional with respect to many aspects in their molecular biology, including assembly and release of enveloped viral particles. Both components of the minimal assembly and release machinery, Gag and Env, display significant differences in their molecular structures and functions compared to the other retroviruses. This led to the placement of FVs into a separate subfamily, the Spumaretrovirinae. Here, we describe the molecular differences in FV Gag and Env, as well as Pol, which is translated as a separate protein and not in an orthoretroviral manner as a Gag-Pol fusion protein. This feature further complicates FV assembly since a specialized Pol encapsidation strategy via a tripartite Gag-genome–Pol complex is used. We try to relate the different features and specific interaction patterns of the FV Gag, Pol, and Env proteins in order to develop a comprehensive and dynamic picture of particle assembly and release, but also other features that are indirectly affected. Since FVs are at the root of the retrovirus tree, we aim at dissecting the unique/specialized features from those shared among the Spuma- and Orthoretrovirinae. Such analyses may shed light on the evolution and characteristics of virus envelopment since related viruses within the Ortervirales, for instance LTR retrotransposons, are characterized by different levels of envelopment, thus affecting the capacity for intercellular transmission.

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“…Among the ISG products, TRIM5α, N-myc-interactor, IFP35, TRIM19, APOBEC, and tetherin were described to inhibit FV, while MxB and SAMHD1 had no action, and some discordant results are thus far unresolved. The currently open questions in the field, summarized after the former FV conference in 2016 [ 23 ], were about the role of restriction factors and IFN-induced genes in controlling FV gene expression in vivo in their natural hosts and in humans after cross-species transmission. Lack of knowledge on the induction and action of non-IFN antiviral actors (inflammasome, cytokines, and miRNA) were striking.…”

Section: Summary Of Scientific Sessionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twelfth International Foamy Virus Conference—Meeting Report

Herchenröder

Löchelt²,

Buseyne

et al. 2019

Viruses

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The 12th International Foamy Virus Conference took place on August 30–31, 2018 at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. The meeting included presentations on current research on non-human primate and non-primate foamy viruses (FVs; also called spumaretroviruses) as well as keynote talks on related research areas in retroviruses. The taxonomy of foamy viruses was updated earlier this year to create five new genera in the subfamily, Spumaretrovirinae, based on their animal hosts. Research on viruses from different genera was presented on topics of potential relevance to human health, such as natural infections and cross-species transmission, replication, and viral-host interactions in particular with the immune system, dual retrovirus infections, virus structure and biology, and viral vectors for gene therapy. This article provides an overview of the current state-of-the-field, summarizes the meeting highlights, and presents some important questions that need to be addressed in the future.

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Eleventh International Foamy Virus Conference—Meeting Report

Cited by 5 publications

References 46 publications

Spumaretroviruses: Updated taxonomy and nomenclature

Spumaretroviruses: Updated taxonomy and nomenclature

The Unique, the Known, and the Unknown of Spumaretrovirus Assembly

Twelfth International Foamy Virus Conference—Meeting Report

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