Origin and evolution of the Tertiary Maronia porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit, Thrace, Greece

Melfos, Vasilios; Vavelidis, M.; Christofides, G.; Seidel, Eberhard

doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0277-4

Cited by 75 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Porphyry Cu-(Mo) and epithermal Au-Ag-type systems (St. Barbara -Kassiteres, St. Demetrios, Viper-Sapes, Pagoni Rachi, St. Philippos -Kirki, Ktismata-Maronia and Perama Hill) and hundreds of base-metal-rich veins are genetically related to microdiorite, microgranite, andesite and the dacite porphyries (Figs. 1a, b;Arikas & Voudouris 1998, Melfos et al 2002, Michael 2004, Voudouris et al 2006. Faults and veins trending NW-SE, NE-SW and NNW-SSE influenced the distribution of magmatic rocks and spatially related magmatic-hydrothermal mineralization.…”

Section: Regional Geology Of Northeastern Greecementioning

confidence: 99%

RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

Voudouris¹,

Melfos²,

Spry³

et al. 2009

The Canadian Mineralogist

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The porphyry-type Pagoni Rachi Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au prospect, in northern Greece, is a porphyry-epithermal system hosted by an Oligocene dacite porphyry and quartz-feldspar porphyry dikes. The rare mineral rheniite (ReS 2 ) and molybdenite, with very high contents of Re (up to 4.7 wt% Re), occur in quartz veins along with Fe-Cu sulfides, Pb-, Sn-, and Cl-bearing oxides, hematite, ilmenite and tellurides of Bi; these veins are spatially related to sericitic and transitional sericitic-sodic-potassic alteration. Earlier-formed gold-bearing quartz and magnetite veins with sodic-potassic-calcic alteration and late precious-metal telluride-rich carbonate-quartz veins with argillic alteration contain only minor amounts of molybdenite. The composition of rheniite ranges from almost pure, stoichiometric rheniite with low Mo content to rheniite with up to 5.99 wt% Mo. Petrographic, scanning electron microscope, and structural studies suggest that the high Re content of molybdenite from Pagoni Rachi is the result of the isovalent Re-for-Mo substitution in molybdenite. This fact is corroborated by the progressive shortening of the Mo-S mean bond-distance (from 2.414 Å in pure molybdenite to 2.355 Å), as well as by the isotropic decrease of the unit-cell values with the increase of the Re:Mo ratio. The structural analysis of four molybdenite crystals, with the highest Re content ever reported in nature, demonstrates that they crystallize as the 2H polytype and not the 3R polytype, as previously hypothesized, thus suggesting that Re concentration does not correlate with a specific polytype. The fluid inclusions in quartz in the Re-bearing molybdenite-rheniite veins at Pagoni Rachi show that they homogenize to either the liquid or vapor phases (354 to 428°C) or by halite dissolution at 317 to 585°C, which equates to salinities of 40 to 59 wt% NaCl equiv. Rheniite and molybdenite likely precipitated as temperatures fell below 400°C during phase separation under relatively oxidizing conditions, at elevated chlorine activity, and from relatively acid hydrothermal solutions. However, the presence of Pb oxides, Sn-bearing minerals and tellurides § E-mail address: voudouris@geol.uoa.gr 1014 thE CanaDian MinERalogist is compelling evidence that rheniite and Re-rich molybdenite may have formed directly from the vapor as sublimates, in a manner similar to the way they are deposited at the Kudriavy volcano, Kurile Islands.Keywords: porphyry-epithermal deposit, rheniite, Re-rich molybdenite, polytype, phase separation, tellurides, sublimates, Pagoni Rachi, Greece.soMMaiRE L'indice minéralisé en Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au de Pagoni Rachi, de type porphyre, situé dans le nord de la Grèce, est un système épithermal encaissé par un porphyre dacitique oligocène et des filons de porphyre quartzofeldspathique. Nous y avons trouvé la rhéniïte (ReS 2 ), espèce rare, et la molybdénite très enrichie en Re (jusqu'à 4.7% Re, poids), dans des veines de quartz avec des sulfures de Fe-Cu, des oxydes contenant Pb, Sn, et Cl, l'hématite, l'ilménite et des tellurure...

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Section: Regional Geology Of Northeastern Greecementioning

confidence: 99%

RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

Voudouris¹,

Melfos²,

Spry³

et al. 2009

The Canadian Mineralogist

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“…The Palaeogene magmatism of the central and eastern Rhodope Massif culminated at about 30-35 Ma and was accompanied by abundant ore-forming hydrothermal activity [31,40]. Several styles of mineralization in northern Greece (base-and precious-metal porphyry, reduced intrusion-related systems, epithermal, Carlin-type) are genetically related to arc-related magmatic rocks, and are, in part, controlled by exhumation structures of the Rhodope metamorphic core complex [31,39,[41][42][43][44][45]. Porphyry Cu-Mo-Au systems that contain Re-rich molybdenite in northeastern Greece are genetically related to microgranite (Maronia) and granodiorite porphyries (Konos, Pagoni Rachi, Myli) [39,42,[46][47][48] (Figure 2).…”

Section: Regional Geological and Metallogenetic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremely Re-Rich Molybdenite from Porphyry Cu-Mo-Au Prospects in Northeastern Greece: Mode of Occurrence, Causes of Enrichment, and Implications for Gold Exploration

et al. 2013

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Extremely Re-rich molybdenite occurs with pyrite in sodic-calcic, sodic-sericitic and sericitic-altered porphyritic stocks of granodioritic-tonalitic and granitic composition in the Sapes-Kirki-Esymi, Melitena and Maronia areas, northeastern Greece. Molybdenite in the Pagoni Rachi and Sapes deposits is spatially associated with rheniite, as well as with intermediate (Mo,Re)S 2 and (Re,Mo)S 2 phases, with up to 46 wt % Re. Nanodomains and/or microinclusions of rheniite may produce the observed Re enrichment in the intermediate molybdenite-rheniite phases. The extreme Re content in molybdenite and the unique presence of rheniite in porphyry-type mineralization, combined with preliminary geochemical data (Cu/Mo ratio, Au grades) may indicate that these deposits have affinities with Cu-Au deposits, and should be considered potential targets for gold mineralization in OPEN ACCESSMinerals 2013, 3 166 the porphyry environment. In the post-subduction tectonic regime of northern Greece, the extreme Re and Te enrichments in the magmatic-hydrothermal systems over a large areal extent are attributed to an anomalous source (e.g., chemical inhomogenities in the mantle-wedge triggered magmatism), although local scale processes cannot be underestimated.

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“…However, the most promising regions for future critical-and rare-metal exploration projects are the Serbomacedonian and Rhodope metallogenic provinces (Figure 2 and 3), in northeastern Greece [6]. These provinces include skarn-(Kimmeria/Xanthi), carbonate-replacement-(Olympias, Stratoni/NE Chalkidki), reduced intrusion-related-(Palea Kavala), epithermal (Perama Hill, Mavrokoryfi, Kassiteres, Sapes, Agios Philippos/Kirki, Pefka/Evros) and porphyry-(Pagoni Rachi/Kirki, Kassiteres-Sapes, Maronia, Skouries/Chalkidiki, Vathi and Gerakario/Kilkis) deposit styles, as well as placer gold occurrences and supergene fault/karst-controlled manganese oxides (Drama, NE Chalkidiki) and gold-bearing iron oxides (Palea Kavala, Thasos) [6,7]. These deposits are characterized by Pb, Zn, Sb, Bi, Cu and Mo ores with, less commonly, economic concentrations of Fe and Sn.…”

Section: Geological Overview and Various Ore Deposit Styles In Greecementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Except from stibnite, antimony is also incorporated in numerous sulfosalts (tetrahedrite, famatinite, chalcostibite, zinkenite, bournonite, boulangerite) which are common in porphyry-, epithermal-and intrusion-related systems at the Rhodope metallogenic province, such as in Maronia, Pagoni Rachi/Kirki, Agios Philippos/Kirki, Mavrokoryfi, Pefka, Perama Hill, Sapes, Kapsalina/Thasos, Pangeon Mt. In some cases mineralized samples contain over 0.2 wt % Sb [6,7,16,17]. In addition, the galena concentrates from Lavrion, Attica, contain from 0.3 to 0.7 wt % Sb [18].…”

Section: Antimony (Sb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geological, Mineralogical and Geochemical Aspects for Critical and Rare Metals in Greece

Melfos

Voudouris

2012

Minerals

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Abstract:The European Union (EU) is highly dependent on critical and rare metals which are very important for a sustainable development. However, European industry is not able to cover its demands from native sources and it imports commodities from third countries. Greece is one of the EU countries with the most potential for supplying these strategic metallic raw materials in the future, since it hosts a large number of ore deposits. The epithermal-and porphyry-type deposits and the reduced intrusion related systems of the Serbomacedonian and the Rhodope metallogenic provinces in Northeastern Greece are promising targets for a future exploitation and exploration in Sb, Te, Mo, Re, Ga, In, REE and PGE. Greece is the leading producer of Ni and Al in the EU from laterites and bauxites of central and northern Greece. These deposits also contain significant amounts of Co or REE which should be considered in the future plans of the processing industries. REE are found in high contents at the placer deposits between Chalkidiki and Kavala (North Greece) and elevated PGE concentrations are associated with the chromitites of northwestern Greece. Therefore, the mineral wealth of Greece can contribute significantly to a sustainable and a competitive economy of Europe.

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Origin and evolution of the Tertiary Maronia porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit, Thrace, Greece

Cited by 75 publications

References 17 publications

RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

Extremely Re-Rich Molybdenite from Porphyry Cu-Mo-Au Prospects in Northeastern Greece: Mode of Occurrence, Causes of Enrichment, and Implications for Gold Exploration

Geological, Mineralogical and Geochemical Aspects for Critical and Rare Metals in Greece

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