Origen de las aguas de pequeños manantiales de la costa del norte de Chile, en las cercanías de Antofagasta.

Herrera, Christian; Custódio, Emílio

doi:10.5027/andgeov41n2-a03

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Published data for δ 18 O and δ 2 H composition of precipitation along the Pacific coastline of South America, in the Atacama Desert and in the westernmost Central Andes, compared to the rain water of March 2015, stream water of March-April 2015, and rain water of 9 August 2015. Shown as lines are the Global Mean Water Line (δ 2 H=8δ 18 O+10) (GMWL) (Craig, 1961;Rozanski et al, 1993) and the Eastern Cordillera Mean Water Line (δ 2 H=8.4δ 18 O+15.9) (ECMWL), an example of eastern-sourced precipitation in a region immediately east of the study area ( Fig (Herrera and Custodio, 2014); B. Published northern Chilean summer season rain data for 19° to 30° S, distinguished by location on the western slope of the Andes or across an orographic divide in the western part of the internally-drained Altiplano plateau.…”

Section: Hydroclimate Zones and Anticipated Isotopic Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Groundwater isotopic compositions reflect a time-integrated amount-weighted average of precipitation (Aravena, 1995;West et al, 2014). In some areas of the Atacama Desert groundwater recharge continued during the latter half of the 20th century (e.g., Houston, 2007), whereas other aquifers primarily recharged hundreds to thousands of years ago (Aravena, 1995;Herrera and Custodio, 2014;Herrera et al, 2018). Within that spectrum of recharge are insights to both recent climate and paleoclimate states.…”

Section: Paleoclimate Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within that spectrum of recharge are insights to both recent climate and paleoclimate states. For example, spring water for coastal Antofagasta province (climate zone II) of apparent mid-Holocene age (Herrera and Custodio, 2014;Herrera et al, 2018) (Fig. 3A) has δ 18 O near zero (+0.2‰ to -2.2‰), evidence that those coastal springs recharged by precipitation derived from the adjacent Pacific Ocean.…”

Section: Paleoclimate Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isotopic characteristics and paleoclimate implications of the extreme precipitation event of March 2015 in northern Chile

Jordan

Herrera

Godfrey

et al. 2018

andgeo

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Prior to the 24-26 March 2015 extreme precipitation event that impacted northern Chile, the scenarios for Pleistocene and Holocene wetter paleoclimate intervals in the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert had been attributed to eastern or southwestern moisture sources. The March 2015 precipitation event offered the first modern opportunity to evaluate a major regional precipitation event relative to those hypothetical paleoclimate scenarios. It was the first opportunity to determine the 18O and 2H composition of a major precipitation event that might eventually be preserved in geological materials. The driver for the March 2015 event was a synoptic-scale weather system, a cutoff cold upper-level low system that traversed the Pacific Ocean at a time of unusually warm temperatures of Pacific surface water. Ground-based precipitation data, stable isotopes in precipitation and river samples, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis atmospheric data and air mass tracking are utilized to connect the Earth surface processes to atmospheric conditions. The δ18O and δ2H of the precipitation and ephemeral rivers were significantly heavier than the rain, snow and ephemeral rivers fed by more frequent but less voluminous precipitation events registered prior to March 2015. Consistent with the atmospheric analyses, the rain isotopic compositions are typical of a water vapor whose source was at more equatorial latitudes of the Pacific and which moved southward. The late March 2015 system was an unforeseen scenario even for El Niño Pacific ocean conditions. Furthermore, the late summer season warmth led to greater potential for erosion and sediment transport than typical of more common moderate precipitation scenarios which usually include widely distributed snow. A comparison of the March 2015 scenario to the spatial distribution of wetter paleoclimate intervals leads to the hypothesis that the March 2015 scenario likely better fits some parts of the paleoclimate record of the continental interior hyperarid Atacama Desert than do the eastern or southwestern moisture source paleoclimate scenarios deduced previously.

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Section: Hydroclimate Zones and Anticipated Isotopic Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Paleoclimate Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Paleoclimate Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isotopic characteristics and paleoclimate implications of the extreme precipitation event of March 2015 in northern Chile

Jordan

Herrera

Godfrey

et al. 2018

andgeo

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“…La franja costera que se produce entre estas dos barreras naturales conforma un ambiente extremadamente hostil, debido principalmente a la ausencia de cursos de agua, siendo las únicas fuentes de recurso hídrico, pequeñas y acotadas áreas de afloramiento de agua, conocida como aguadas (Herrera y Custodio, 2014). Esto, sumado a la presencia de una niebla costera, conocida en la zona como Camanchaca, que se transforma en una débil precipitación al entrar en contacto con la vertiente occidental de la Cordillera de la Costa, permiten sostener una frágil flora y la subsistencia de fauna (Guerra, 2004;Larraín, 2007).…”

Section: Antecedentes Ambientales Y Arqueológicos De La Costa Desértiunclassified

Estudio de caso: conservación y análisis osteobiográfico del material óseo proveniente del sitio Hornos de Cal, costa de Taltal, norte de Chile

Araneda

Andrade

2020

Rev. Mus. Antrop.

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El sitio Hornos de Cal corresponde a un conchero ubicado en la costa desértica de Antofagasta, a 16 km al sur de Taltal. Se trata de un contexto funerario conformado por el entierro de un individuo adulto sin ofrendas asociadas, datado en el 6180±25 cal AP. El presente trabajo posee un enfoque osteobiográfico, donde a partir de estimaciones y determinaciones de sexo, la edad, y la estatura del individuo, como también patologías óseas, intentamos relacionar estos marcadores con su contexto temporal y cultural. Dada la presencia de rasgos particulares de este individuo que lo diferencian de su contexto poblacional, reflexionamos sobre la necesidad de considerar estos casos dentro de las reconstrucciones bioarqueológicas, ya que ayudan a comprender situaciones que dentro de un enfoque poblacional pueden pasar desapercibidas.

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“…The Atacama Desert is one of the driest deserts on earth [1]- [4], what can average annual precipitation to reach 1 mm [5], which means long periods of extreme aridity, but another period can occur strong rainfall events. During in the summer months, in the "Invierno Altiplánico" (highlands winter), the rain that enters from the Amazon Basin towards the Andes mountain, produces great avenues of waters that drain into the east sector towards the Pacific ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Mining and Extractivism of the Salar De Atacama, Chile

Garcés

Álvarez

2020

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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The sustainability of the lithium industry in Chile is being threatened by the series of environmental and social impacts occurring in the Salar de Atacama. This study is based on a review of technical and environmental reports, including the inspection processes carried out to date at the Salar de Atacama, the main lithium brine deposit worldwide. Demand for clean technologies has increased global lithium production, pressuring the production system to increase the quota of brine extraction to satisfy the greater demand for this resource. As a result of the extraction process in the salt flat, millions of tons of water are removed from the system in an arid region, the biota is affected, and natural conditions change in this fragile and dynamic ecosystem. The impact on the salt flat not only translates into loss of water, but also in the disappearance of vulnerable species that only exist in these places, the loss of the cultural heritage of indigenous peoples, the losses of millions of years of evolution of adaptation processes of species, including the extremophilic organisms. From the economic point of view, although both companies are committed to compensating the damage to the Atacameñas communities, one with 3.5% of the value of sales and the other with a contribution of US$15 million annually, it is not comparable with the deterioration of the Salar and the loss of cultural heritage. In conclusion, it is verified that the lithium mining industry causes strong environmental and social impacts, so we cannot speak of lithium as a synonym for "green economics." Therefore, can the lithium industry be considered of strategic relevance to the development of zero carbon technologies?

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Origen de las aguas de pequeños manantiales de la costa del norte de Chile, en las cercanías de Antofagasta.

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Isotopic characteristics and paleoclimate implications of the extreme precipitation event of March 2015 in northern Chile

Isotopic characteristics and paleoclimate implications of the extreme precipitation event of March 2015 in northern Chile

Estudio de caso: conservación y análisis osteobiográfico del material óseo proveniente del sitio Hornos de Cal, costa de Taltal, norte de Chile

Water Mining and Extractivism of the Salar De Atacama, Chile

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