Oriented Growth of Single-Crystal Ni Nanowires onto Amorphous SiO<sub>2</sub>

Chan, Keith; Kan, Jimmy J.; Doran, C.; Ouyang, Lu; Smith, David J.; Fullerton, Eric E.

doi:10.1021/nl103301x

Cited by 39 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Fast fabrication of patterned Ni NWs with a high degree of uniformity, long length and high density together with mass production can be demanding and important from both applicability and theoretical points of view [1,3,8,9]. Until now, a variety of methods including chemical vapor deposition, lithography, hydrothermal technique and electroplating have been employed to fabricate Ni NWs [10][11][12][13]. Amongst these approaches, the template-based synthesis of Ni NWs such as electrodeposition into porous aluminum oxide (PAO) templates has been more advantageous because of its low cost and flexibility [2,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition efficiency of Ni in the fabrication of highly ordered nanowire arrays: The roles of Cu pre-plating and barrier layer temperature

Ahmadzadeh

Almasi-Kashi

Ramazani

et al. 2015

Applied Surface Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition efficiency of Ni in the fabrication of highly ordered nanowire arrays: The roles of Cu pre-plating and barrier layer temperature

Ahmadzadeh

Almasi-Kashi

Ramazani

et al. 2015

Applied Surface Science

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“…From a priori NWs growth information, [7,8] we observed that the NWs had a small amount of impurities embedded at the surface. Taking this into account, we introduce an inner core region of the NW to be of uniform density and having relatively few impurities while the outer shell region has a higher density of impurities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1(b) with well-defined orthogonal and smooth facets. [7,8] The NWs are grown in the [001] crystallographic orientation with widths ranging from 50 nm to about 300 nm and lengths of up to 5 µm and average coverage density of between 0.1 and 0.3 NW/µm 2 . CXD in the Bragg geometry has been shown to be a powerful characterization technique for imaging of local nanoscale lattice distortions, commonly described by deformation fields, u(r) within a small crystal.…”

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confidence: 99%

Probing the three-dimensional strain inhomogeneity and equilibrium elastic properties of single crystal Ni nanowires

Fohtung

Kim

Chan

et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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We employ three dimensional x -ray coherent diffraction imaging to map the lattice strain distribution, and to probe the elastic properties of a single crystalline Ni (001) nanowire grown vertically on an amorphous Si02 Si substrate. The reconstructed density maps show that with increasing wire width, the equilibrium compressive stress in the core region decreases sharply while the surface tensile strain increases, and gradually trends to a nonzero constant. We use the retrieved projection of lattice distortion to predict the Young's Modulus of the wire based on the elasticity theory.Due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, transition metal nanostructures such as nanowires (NWs) could potentially be used in a broad range of applications in catalysis, sensors, batteries, fuel cells, and magnetic devices. [1-4] Most of these devices require NWs with welldefined size, shape, and spatial ordering. In addition, economical routes to mass production of NWs are desirable for practical applications. However, structural morphology of the NWs is strongly affected by the complex interplay between several growth parameters, such as temperature of the substrate, vertical and lateral material transfer, growth rate, in-plane mobility of ad-atoms, etc. In order to understand resulting morphology of NWs it is therefore vital to develop characterization tools that can nondestructively probe the three dimensional (3D) structural and mechanical properties of these NWs with nanoscale resolution.In this letter we study the structure, shape, 3D lattice distortion, and the electron density distribution in single crystal Ni NWs with the aid of synchrotron-based coherent x-ray diffraction (CXD) imaging [5,6]. The NWs were grown using thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a Si substrate that has been oxidized resulting in a 500-nm SiO 2 amorphous coating layer. CVD at 650 o C yields densely populated coverage of verticallyoriented single-crystal NWs depicted in Fig. 1(b) with well-defined orthogonal and smooth facets. [7,8] The NWs are grown in the [001] crystallographic orientation with widths ranging from 50 nm to about 300 nm and lengths of up to 5 µm and average coverage density of between 0.1 and 0.3 NW/µm 2 . CXD in the Bragg geometry has been shown to be a powerful characterization technique for imaging of local nanoscale lattice distortions, commonly described by deformation fields, u(r) within a small crystal. [5,6] CXD allows us to image not only the overall shape of the nanostructure in 3D, but also the projection of the crystal lattice displacement field on to the Q vector of the measured Bragg spot. The lattice distortion represents the * efohtung@physics.ucsd.edu imaginary component of object density and manifests itself as local asymmetry of the measured Bragg diffraction pattern. Upon an inversion of coherent x-ray diffraction pattern, the resulting real-space image of the object will be complex valued ρ (r) = ρ G hkl (r) exp [−iG hkl · u (r)], where the amplitude ρ G hkl represents the density of the object and the...

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“…Fabrication of Fe nanowires on yittrium-stabilized zirconia single crystal substrates by thermal CVD methods A. Kawahito, 1 T. Yanase, 2 T. Endo, 3 T. Nagahama, 3 and T. Shimada 3,a) Magnetic nanowires (NWs) are promising as material for use in spintronics and as the precursor of permanent magnets because they have unique properties due to their high aspect ratio. The growth of magnetic Fe whiskers was reported in the 1960s, but the diameter was not on a nanoscale level and the growth mechanism was not fully elucidated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Fe nanowires on yittrium-stabilized zirconia single crystal substrates by thermal CVD methods

Kawahito

Yanase

Endo

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Physics

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Oriented Growth of Single-Crystal Ni Nanowires onto Amorphous SiO₂

Cited by 39 publications

References 29 publications

Electrodeposition efficiency of Ni in the fabrication of highly ordered nanowire arrays: The roles of Cu pre-plating and barrier layer temperature

Electrodeposition efficiency of Ni in the fabrication of highly ordered nanowire arrays: The roles of Cu pre-plating and barrier layer temperature

Probing the three-dimensional strain inhomogeneity and equilibrium elastic properties of single crystal Ni nanowires

Fabrication of Fe nanowires on yittrium-stabilized zirconia single crystal substrates by thermal CVD methods

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Oriented Growth of Single-Crystal Ni Nanowires onto Amorphous SiO2

Cited by 39 publications

References 29 publications

Electrodeposition efficiency of Ni in the fabrication of highly ordered nanowire arrays: The roles of Cu pre-plating and barrier layer temperature

Electrodeposition efficiency of Ni in the fabrication of highly ordered nanowire arrays: The roles of Cu pre-plating and barrier layer temperature

Probing the three-dimensional strain inhomogeneity and equilibrium elastic properties of single crystal Ni nanowires

Fabrication of Fe nanowires on yittrium-stabilized zirconia single crystal substrates by thermal CVD methods

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Oriented Growth of Single-Crystal Ni Nanowires onto Amorphous SiO₂