Organs-on-Chips: a new paradigm for safety assessment of drug-induced thrombosis

Ng, Patrick R.; Belgur, Chaitra; Barthakur, Sonalee; Meer, Andries D. van der; Hamilton, Geraldine A.; Barrile, Riccardo

doi:10.1016/j.cotox.2019.08.004

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This complexity of disciplines allows to create microenvironments with precise mechanical, and structural control, providing the ability to recreate concentration gradients, and nutrients and metabolites flows [2,3,7,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Therefore, they are versatile and modifiable systems with the aim of showing an adequate histological composition that is suitable for live evaluation, which cannot be done by using animal models [32].…”

Section: Ooc Basic Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The processes of absorption, distribution, excretion and metabolism (ADME) can be simulated from various routes of administration and, moreover, mathematical models can be applied to make real-body predictions [ 10 , 27 , 51 , 66 , 132 , 133 ]. This approach has been used to evaluate the ADME profile of drugs and the appearance of physiological events that cause adverse effects in devices of up to 20 different tissues [ 7 , 10 , 32 ]. Furthermore, they can also be used to assess a compound effectiveness [ 13 , 133 ].…”

Section: Body-on-a-chip or Human-on-a-chip For Adme Evaluation And Pr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organ-on-a-Chip systems for new drugs development

2021

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Research on alternatives to the use of animal models and cell cultures has led to the creation of organ-on-a-chip systems, in which organs and their physiological reactions to the presence of external stimuli are simulated. These systems could even replace the use of human beings as subjects for the study of drugs in clinical phases and have an impact on personalized therapies. Organ-on-a-chip technology present higher potential than traditional cell cultures for an appropriate prediction of functional impairments, appearance of adverse effects, the pharmacokinetic and toxicological profile and the efficacy of a drug. This potential is given by the possibility of placing different cell lines in a three-dimensional-arranged polymer piece and simulating and controlling specific conditions. Thus, the normal functioning of an organ, tissue, barrier, or physiological phenomenon can be simulated, as well as the interrelation between different systems. Furthermore, this alternative allows the study of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Its design combines different disciplines such as materials engineering, cell cultures, microfluidics and physiology, among others. This work presents the main considerations of OoC systems, the materials, methods and cell lines used for their design, and the conditions required for their proper functioning. Examples of applications and main challenges for the development of more robust systems are shown. This non-systematic review is intended to be a reference framework that facilitates research focused on the development of new OoC systems, as well as their use as alternatives in pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies.

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