Organophosphine-Catalyzed [4C+X] Annulations

Abstract

In recent years, there have been extraordinary developments of organophosphine-catalyzed reactions. This includes progress in the area of [4C+X] annulations, which are of particular interest due to their potential for the rapid construction of 5–8-membered cyclic products. In this short overview, we summarize the remarkable progress, emphasizing reaction mechanisms and key intermediates involved in the processes. The discussion is classified according to the type of electrophilic reactants that acted as C4 synthons in the annulation process, in the order of α-alkyl allenoates, γ-alkyl allenoates, α-methyl allene ketones, β′-OAc allenoate, δ-OAc allenoate, activated dienes and cyclobutenones.

Synthesis of TiC@C-anatase/rutile@polyvinyl alcohol/xylan: a powerful photocatalyst for degradation of organic pollutant under visible light

“…In this method, produced radicals convert harmful organic pollutants to nontoxic materials [6] such as CO 2 and H 2 O [5]. Semiconductor photocatalysts have several advantages, making them superior to other agents [7,8]. They are used in various applications, including photocatalytic water splitting (H 2 evolution) [9], CO 2 reduction [10], pollutant degradation [11] and bacterial disinfection [12].…”

Ferromagnetism of Mn-N4 architecture embedded graphene

“…Since Novoselov and Geim first reported graphene in 2004 [1], its excellent physical and chemical properties [2][3][4][5] have triggered a boom in the research of new low-dimensional materials during the last two decades [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In particular, the continuous recent development of spintronics calls for two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic materials to meet the miniaturization and portability of devices [14][15][16].…”