Organochlorine Residues and Elemental Contaminants in U.S. Freshwater Fish, 1976-1986: National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program

Schmitt, Christopher J.; Zajicek, James L.; May, Thomas W.; Cowman, Deborah F.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-1528-8_2

Cited by 70 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Concentrations of most organochlorine chemical residues were relatively low (<10 ng/g) in our whole-fish samples, which is consistent with the findings of other YRB studies (Schmitt et al 1999;Snyder-Conn 1992). Concentrations of aldrin, pentachlorobenzene, b-HCH, d-HCH, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, endosulfan sulfate, and methoxychlor, which have not been measured previously in the YRB, were also low (<4 ng/g) in YRB fish.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Concentrations of p,p¢-DDT, p,p¢-DDE, and p,p¢-DDD were greatest (>4.0 ng/g) in samples from Station 305 but were lower than historical concentrations (<10-570 ng/g) at this site (Schmitt et al 1999). Concentrations of p,p¢-DDT were greater than the LOD only in female pike (4.7 ng/g) and male sucker (9.1 ng/g) from Station 305 (Table 3).…”

Section: Organochlorine Pesticides Total Pcbs and H4iie-derived Diomentioning

confidence: 70%

“…2). The occurrence of proportionally high concentrations of p,pÕ-DDT at Station 305 might have signified recent inputs of unweathered insecticide (Aguillar 1984) and was higher than the proportion reported in the 1980s (Schmitt et al 1999). All concentrations of o,p¢-homologs were £1.33 ng/g (Table 3) and were not considered to represent a hazard to YRB fish and wildlife.…”

Section: Organochlorine Pesticides Total Pcbs and H4iie-derived Diomentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Oil exploration and transportation are also potential contaminant sources (USBLM 2002). Organochlorine contaminant concentrations have been low historically (Schmitt et al 1999;Snyder-Conn 1992) and primarily associated with military facilities near Fairbanks (Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation 2003; Mueller and Matz 2000;USEPA 1998). The YRB ecosystem might be susceptible to a variety of organochlorine contaminants, including p,p¢-DDT, toxaphene, chlordane, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) introduced by long-range atmospheric transport (Barrie et al 1992;Braune et al 1999;Evans et al 2005;Muir et al 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of the potential for multiple contaminant sources, monitoring contaminants in fish from the Alaska part of the YRB has been limited (Schmitt et al 1999). Therefore, the objectives of this study were to document organochlorine and elemental contaminant concentrations in YRB fish and to evaluate the risk of these contaminant concentrations to fish and piscivorous wildlife.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Contaminants in Fish and Their Associated Risk to Piscivorous Wildlife in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska

Hinck

Schmitt

Echols

et al. 2006

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Organochlorine Pesticides Total Pcbs and H4iie-derived Diomentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Organochlorine Pesticides Total Pcbs and H4iie-derived Diomentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Contaminants in Fish and Their Associated Risk to Piscivorous Wildlife in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska

Hinck

Schmitt

Echols

et al. 2006

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

Self Cite

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Level and extent of mercury contamination in Oregon, USA, lotic fish

Peterson

Herlihy

Hughes³

et al. 2002

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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We conducted a probability survey of 154 Oregon, USA, stream and river sites to assess the spatial extent of mercury (Hg) contamination in fish tissue. Samples consisted of whole-fish analyses of both small (<120 mm) and large (>120 mm) fish at each site, when both were present. Overall, Hg levels (microgram/g) in small fish (mean = 0.031; standard deviation [SD] = 0.029), large piscivores (mean = 0.284; SD = 0.175), and large invertivores (mean = 0.055; SD = 0.047) were found within fairly narrow ranges; always above detection (0.0025 microgram/g) and almost always below 0.4 microgram/g. Given the great ecoregion diversity across Oregon, the narrow range in fish tissue Hg levels suggests that atmospheric transport is an important vehicle for Hg distribution. In small fish, Hg levels were almost always low and showed little meaningful difference among fish taxa. In large fish, Hg levels were significantly related to fish length. Piscivores (pikeminnow and bass) had significantly higher Hg levels, and the slope of their Hg level/length relationship was much steeper than for invertivores. Salmonids, the most commonly occurring fish taxon in Oregon, exceeded 0.1 microgram Hg/g (deemed protective for fish-eating mammals) in an inferred 15% of stream lengths where they occurred. Pikeminnows and bass were found at fewer sites, but they exceeded 0.1 microgram Hg/g in an inferred 96 and 70%, respectively, of stream lengths where they occurred.

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Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners as Markers of Toxic Equivalents of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Breast Milk

Glynn

Atuma

Aune

et al. 2001

Environmental Research

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Organochlorine Residues and Elemental Contaminants in U.S. Freshwater Fish, 1976-1986: National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program

Cited by 70 publications

References 99 publications

Environmental Contaminants in Fish and Their Associated Risk to Piscivorous Wildlife in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska

Environmental Contaminants in Fish and Their Associated Risk to Piscivorous Wildlife in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska

Level and extent of mercury contamination in Oregon, USA, lotic fish

Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners as Markers of Toxic Equivalents of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Breast Milk

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