Organochlorine pesticides contamination in agricultural soils of southern Iran

Validation of a Method Scope Extension for the Analysis of POPs in Soil and Verification in Organic and Conventional Farms of the Canary Islands

“…As shown in Table 5 and Figure 5 (summations), we found significant differences in the concentrations of p,p’-DDE, p,p-DDD, and dieldrin, although in the opposite directions to those theorized by other authors [ 72 , 73 ]. Our results indicated that the concentration of organochlorines in farms devoted to mixed vegetable cultivation was much higher than that in vineyards, which would present levels very much in line with those reported recently in studies around the world [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ]. This further highlights the need for robust and reliable analytical tools to routinely monitor levels of persistent and semi-persistent organic pollutants because, as we have seen, levels can vary greatly from place to place.…”

“…However, the levels of two contaminants (p,p’-DDE and p,p’-DDD) did attract our attention, not so much because of the frequency of detection, which was similar to that reported in other studies (>70% of the samples), but because of the high concentrations detected. In fact, p,p’-DDE levels in the samples of our series presented mean (364.6 ± 698.7 ng g −1 ) and median (58.7 ng g −1 ) values that are much higher than those reported in other recent studies in Turkey [ 65 ], India [ 66 ], Poland [ 67 , 68 ], or Iran [ 69 ]. In fact, the highest value in our series (2305.6 ng g −1 ), which paradoxically was found in a farm dedicated to organic vegetable farming, was about twice the median value reported for a region of Azerbaijan that has been reported to be historically contaminated by DDT (and its metabolites), because it was subjected to intensive aerial spraying campaigns [ 70 ].…”

“…This further highlights the need for robust and reliable analytical tools to routinely monitor levels of persistent and semi-persistent organic pollutants because, as we have seen, levels can vary greatly from place to place. much in line with those reported recently in studies around the world [65][66][67][68][69]. This further highlights the need for robust and reliable analytical tools to routinely monitor levels of persistent and semi-persistent organic pollutants because, as we have seen, levels can vary greatly from place to place.…”

Perennial Existence of Organochlorine Pesticides in the Soils of Amghara, Kuwait

“…The same trend has reported in various studies (Alshemmari et al, 2021, Qu et al, 2017. Values below 1 × 10 -6 (one case per million exposed people) is considered as negligible risk of cancer (Kafaei et al, 2020). The present study showed a cancer risk assessment value of 1.53× 10 -10 -150× 10 -10 (Adult) and 1.99× 10 -10 -197.24× 10 -10 (Children).…”

Sub-Lethal Effects of Pesticides on the DNA of Soil Organisms as Early Ecotoxicological Biomarkers

“…Among them, pesticides are the most common contaminants in the agricultural field (Wołejko et al, 2020), and their persistence in the soil can alter the physico-chemical structure and microbiota composition causing a negative impact on soil biodiversity (Diez et al, 2017). Indeed, the extensive use of pesticides has gradually led to soil contamination with proven damages to environmental health (Fernandes et al, 2020;Kafaei et al, 2020). Reported data using DGGE-PCR studies confirmed that the chemical nature and the doses used play a role in the disturbance of microbiological complexity of the soil.…”