Organizational Climate and Treatment Outcomes for African American Clients Receiving Services at Community Mental Health Agencies

Larrison, Christopher R.; Schoppelrey, Susan L.; Hadley-Ives, Eric; Ackerson, Barry J.

doi:10.1080/03643100801922696

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Efforts to improve the uptake of mental health services by African Americans should focus, at least in part, on ensuring that ba-sic standards of quality and professionalism are met (Larrison, Schoppelrey, Hadley-Ives, & Ackerson, 2008). From this perspective, a key component of treatment success is not the specific nature of the therapy offered, but these common factors of success: good interpersonal skills and communicating respect and caring (Blatt & Zuroff, 2005;Tracey, Lichtenberg, Goodyear, Claiborn, & Wampold, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Experience of Mental Health Service Use for African American Mothers and Youth

Thompson

Dancy

Wiley

et al. 2011

Issues in Mental Health Nursing

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Little is known about African American families' experiences with mental health services. A purposive sample of 40 dyads of African American youth (aged 13 to 19) and their mothers participated in a cross-sectional qualitative research design using semi-structured interviews that elicited information about their past experiences and satisfaction with mental health services. Though rarely received, group and family therapy were perceived favorably. However, both mothers and youth reported dissatisfaction centered on medication and lack of professionalism, confidentiality, and concern by providers. The failure of mental health services providers to meet basic standards of quality and professionalism may explain the low rate of service use by African Americans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Experience of Mental Health Service Use for African American Mothers and Youth

Thompson

Dancy

Wiley

et al. 2011

Issues in Mental Health Nursing

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“…Regardless of their specific form, these differences are believed to be a key issue because the majority of licensed therapists are White (Davis & Proctor, 1989; Holzer, Goldsmith, & Ciarlo, 1998; Ridley, 2005; USDHHS, 2001). Evidence suggests that a number of factors embedded in larger social structures of society, including the community and agency, interact with therapists’ and clients’ behaviors and beliefs about mental health and race to produce outcome disparities (Applied Research Center & Northwest Federation of Community Organizations [ARC & NFCO], 2005; Borrell, 2005; Larrison, Schoppelrey, Hadley-Ives, & Ackerson, 2008; Miller, 1984; Snowden, 2005; Sue, 1977; Sue, Fujino, Hu, Takeuchi, & Zane, 1991; USDHHS, 2001). Theoretically, at least part of the reason for clients from racial and ethnic minority groups experiencing outcome disparities in clinical settings should rest at the therapist level.…”

Section: Outcome Disparities In Mental Health Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapist Effects on Disparities Experienced by Minorities Receiving Services for Mental Illness

Larrison

Schoppelrey

2011

Research on Social Work Practice

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Objectives The authors examine if some of the reason clients from racial and ethnic minority groups experience outcome disparities is explained by their therapists. Method Data from 98 clients (19% minority) and 14 therapists at two community mental health agencies where clients from racial and ethnic minority groups were experiencing outcome disparities were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling with treatment outcomes at Level 1, client factors at Level 2, and therapists at Level 3. Results There were substantial therapist effects that moderated the relationship between clients’ race and treatment outcomes (outcome disparities). Therapists accounted for 28.7% of the variability in outcome disparities. Conclusions Therapists are linked to outcome disparities and appear to play a substantial role in why disparities occur.

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“…For this study we hypothesized that these factors also influence outcome differences—higher levels of burnout by decreasing the overall functioning of clinicians and thereby affecting outcomes negatively for black patients, who may require an extra effort to ensure the appropriate provision of services, and higher levels of education through greater exposure to MCC via classroom and continuing education experiences (17). The few studies that have examined clinician factors that may affect treatment outcomes for black patients have neglected to answer the following basic questions that are addressed in this study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Clinician Factors Related to Outcome Differences Between Black and White Patients at CMHCs

Larrison¹,

Schoppelrey²,

Hack-Ritzo³

et al. 2011

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Objectives Data are limited on how clinicians contribute to outcome differences between black patients and white patients. Because the clinician-patient relationship is the foundation of mental health services, understanding clinicians’ role in outcome differences may help identify evidence-based interventions that decrease disparities and capitalize on positive differences. Symptoms and functioning in a sample of black and white adults receiving outpatient services were examined to determine the effects of their primary clinician on those patterns. Methods The study included 551 patients (25% black) with serious mental illness and 62 mental health professionals (21% black) identified as the patients’ primary clinician. Treatment outcomes were measured at baseline and two follow-ups (two and four months) with the Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale, a measure of symptoms and functioning. Data were analyzed with hierarchical linear modeling. Clinicians’ levels of multi-cultural competence, burnout, and education were analyzed. Results Clinicians moderated the relationship between patient race and outcome differences. There was significant variability among clinicians: approximately 20% had black patients whose outcomes were worse than those of their white patients, and 40% had black patients with better outcomes than their white patients. The only clinician factor predicting these differences was clinician's general experiences and relationships with people from racial-ethnic and cultural groups other than their own. Conclusions The occurrence of outcome differences varied across clinicians, with some clinicians magnifying outcome differences between black and white patients and others minimizing them. Factors other than clinicians’ race, multicultural competence, education, and burnout may contribute to outcome differences between black and white patients.

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Organizational Climate and Treatment Outcomes for African American Clients Receiving Services at Community Mental Health Agencies

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

The Experience of Mental Health Service Use for African American Mothers and Youth

The Experience of Mental Health Service Use for African American Mothers and Youth

Therapist Effects on Disparities Experienced by Minorities Receiving Services for Mental Illness

Clinician Factors Related to Outcome Differences Between Black and White Patients at CMHCs

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