Organization of rational use of agricultural land on a landscape-ecological basis

Abstract

The aim of the study is to develop a project for the rational organization of the use of agricultural land for land use on the basis of a comprehensive integrated assessment and landscape-ecological analysis, involving their landscape-ecological optimization, conservation of landscape diversity. This project will establish the main criteria for the optimization of agricultural lands as natural-economic systems: land and resource security; level of forest cover; agricultural load on landscapes (erosion level, specific gravity of irrigated and drained lands, livestock load per 100 ha of fodder land); the degree of agrogenic load on agrolandscapes (specific gravity of steam, indicators of plowing and agricultural development); landscape-ecological conditions (landscape situation, drainage of landscapes, relief, soil; water and radiation balances; manifestation of adverse physical and geographical processes); spatial and technological conditions (a variety of landscape patterns of arable land and other lands, their configuration and size); the degree of environmental tension (the degree of development of natural physical and geographical processes and anthropogenic ones: salinization, waterlogging, flooding, pollution of soils, snow, air and water basins, etc.); the amount of agricultural losses; environmental, social and economic efficiency of the implementation of design developments. The methods used are: abstract-logical, integrated landscape and environmental assessment, cartographic, modeling methods.

The purpose of modem land management in the organization of agricultural land use for sustainable socio-ecological and economic development

“…Based on this goal, the authors of the article propose the following research methodology [2,4,[6][7][8]10]:…”

“…The study covers the methodology of accounting for soil suitability classes and landscape-ecological mapping. In the course of the research, the following project tasks were solved [2,4,6,10]:…”

“…The works of well- But with significant transformations in the field of land and property relations, the scale of industrial development, today in the system of functioning of agricultural land use, there is a massive fragmentation of land massifs; difficulties in forming (organizing) agricultural land uses that lack prospects for rational organization of land use and protection; reduction of valuable agricultural land due to their overgrowth with tree and shrub vegetation, waterlogging; reduction of soil fertility due to the use of monocultures and complete violation of the scientifically-based crop rotation system; reduction of organic fertilizer application; crisis in the field of land reclamation (irrigation, drainage, control of soil salinization); failure to manage the use of land resources; the exclusion of the role of land management, the importance of land management schemes of municipal districts and projects of on-farm land management, which requires, on the one hand, the development of new land management documentation, on the other hand, the preservation of centuries-old experience in caring for natural resources, including land resources, the development of new regulatory and legislative acts that consolidate the norms, principles and tools for their sustainable development. In this regard, scientific interest is aroused in understanding the purpose of modern land management in the development of the agro-industrial complex of municipal districts and regions as a whole, based on an adaptive, socio-ecological and economic approach to the formation of sustainable agricultural land use, which meets the principles of full compliance with economic activities, legal criteria, economic and labor resources, and the ecological state of natural and economic systems [2][3][4][6][7][8][9][10].…”

“…In the process of functioning, once-stable land uses have not changed borders for decades, which indicates a rational overall size of agricultural land use, when all three production factors: "labor", "land" and "capital" are in full compliance with each of them, that is, harmonization, rationalization and greening [5,6]. This harmonization eliminates the presence of such disadvantages as: far-earth, cross-stripe, wedging, etc., creates conditions for the rationai organization of the use of agricultural land [2,5,6].…”

Фактори Чутливості Ґрунтів Волинської Області До Ерозії

“…Важливими чинниками деградації ґрунтів є стихійне формування нових типів землекористування, відсутність державних, регіональних і місцевих програм охорони ґрунтів і низький рівень фінансового забезпечення заходів з охорони ґрунтів від ерозії [1]. Посилення процесів ерозії ґрунтового покри-ву зумовлено також порушенням організації території [5]. Варто зазначити, що основним завданням аграрних ландшафтів є задоволення постійно зростаючого попиту на сільськогосподарську продукцію, зберігаючи при цьому біорізноманіття та екосистемні послуги, що надаються лісовими екосистемами.…”