Organization of motor and somatosensory neocortex in the albino rat

Hall, Robert D.; Lindholm, Ernest

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)90076-6

Cited by 863 publications

(428 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The loca tion of the frontal lesion of this study corresponds, at least in part, to the primary motor cortex (MI). Previous investigations employing focal electrical stimulation of MI have shown at least a partial func tional overlap between the lateral agranular field of MI and the granular cortex of the first somatosen-sory cortex (SI) (Donoghue and Wise, 1982;Hall and Lindholm, 1974). Corticocortical interconnec tions between MI and SI are suggested by a study in which electrical stimulation of the motor cortex sufficient to produce contralateral vibrissae move ment led to bilateral columnar increases in 2-deoxyglucose uptake in the SI (Sharp and Evans, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Thrombotic Infarction Suppresses Metabolic Activation of Ipsilateral Somatosensory Cortex: Evidence for Functional Diaschisis

Ginsberg

Castella

Dietrich

et al. 1989

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Summary:To study the effects of focal infarction on the capacity for functional activation of an ipsilateral somato sensory system remote from the lesion, we produced a small thrombotic infarct in the left frontal pole of male Wi star rats by a photochemical method. Five days later, the awake, restrained rats received tactile stimulation of the large whiskers (vibrissae) of the right side of the face, while a double-label 14C-autoradiographic study of local CMRglc (lCMRgJc) and local CBF (lCBF) was performed. Unlesioned and unstimulated animals served as controls. In rats without frontal infarct, vibrissae stimulation led to activation of ICMRglc in the three synaptic relay stations of the barrel-field pathway (ipsilateral trigeminal medul lary nucleus, contralateral ventrobasal thalamus, and contralateral barrel-field cortex). The mean increment in ICMRglc was 42% in lamina IV of barrel-field cortex and 49% in ventrobasal thalamus. Normalized ICBF tended to increase in superficial cortical laminae. In unstimulated animals with frontal infarct, ICMRglc was reduced by 20-30% throughout the ipsilateral barrel-field cortex asThe concept of diaschisis-an acute or subacute suppression of neural function in intact brain re gions remote from a site of primary injury-has at tracted increasing attention as one of several factors possibly relevant to functional recovery after isch emic stroke (Feeney and Baron, 1986). Although the application of modern techniques for assessing regional brain function has contributed importantly

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Thrombotic Infarction Suppresses Metabolic Activation of Ipsilateral Somatosensory Cortex: Evidence for Functional Diaschisis

Ginsberg

Castella

Dietrich

et al. 1989

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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“…EEG recordings were obtained with a low-impedance (Ϸ60 K⍀) silver electrode placed on the dura above the orofacial motor cortex (12.5 mm anterior to the interaural line; 3.5-4 mm lateral to the midline) (Hall and Lindholm, 1974;Neafsey et al, 1986;Paxinos and Watson, 1986), and the reference electrode was placed in the muscle on the opposite side of the head.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhythmic Bursting in the Cortico-Subthalamo-Pallidal Network during Spontaneous Genetically Determined Spike and Wave Discharges

Paz¹,

Deniau²,

Charpier³

2005

J. Neurosci.

110

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Absence seizures are characterized by impairment of consciousness associated with bilaterally synchronous spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) in the electroencephalogram (EEG), which reflect paroxysmal oscillations in thalamocortical networks. Although recent studies suggest that the subthalamic nucleus (STN) provides an endogenous control system that influences the occurrence of absence seizures, the mechanisms of propagation of cortical epileptic discharges in the STN have never been explored. The present study provides the first description of the electrophysiological activity in the cortico-subthalamo-pallidal network during absence seizures in the genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg, a well established model of absence epilepsy. In corticosubthalamic neurons, the SWDs were associated with repetitive suprathreshold depolarizations correlated with EEG spikes. These cortical paroxysms were reflected in the STN by synchronized, rhythmic, high-frequency bursts of action potentials. Intracellular recordings revealed that the intraburst pattern in STN neurons was sculpted by an early depolarizing synaptic potential, followed by a short hyperpolarization and a rebound of excitation. The rhythmic hyperpolarizations in STN neurons during SWDs likely originate from a subpopulation of pallidal neurons exhibiting rhythmic bursting temporally correlated with the EEG spikes. The repetitive discharges in STN neurons accompanying absence seizures might convey powerful excitation to basal ganglia output nuclei and, consequently, may participate in the control of thalamocortical SWDs.

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“…The forelimb region of the motor cortex, as previously defined by behavioral (Whishaw 2000), anatomical (Donoghue and Wise, 1982), and electrophysiological (Hall and Lindhom, 1974;Donoghue and Wise 1982) for anaesthetization. A small incision was made in the scalp along the midsagittal suture and a fine dental burr was used to drill four holes in the skull above motor cortex.…”

Section: Standard Pial Strip Devascularization Stroke (Mc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thinning, movement, and volume loss of residual cortical tissue occurs after stroke in the adult rat as identified by histological and magnetic resonance imaging analysis

et al. 2010

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Organization of motor and somatosensory neocortex in the albino rat

Cited by 863 publications

References 18 publications

Acute Thrombotic Infarction Suppresses Metabolic Activation of Ipsilateral Somatosensory Cortex: Evidence for Functional Diaschisis

Acute Thrombotic Infarction Suppresses Metabolic Activation of Ipsilateral Somatosensory Cortex: Evidence for Functional Diaschisis

Rhythmic Bursting in the Cortico-Subthalamo-Pallidal Network during Spontaneous Genetically Determined Spike and Wave Discharges

Thinning, movement, and volume loss of residual cortical tissue occurs after stroke in the adult rat as identified by histological and magnetic resonance imaging analysis

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