Organization of Contiguous Communities of Amphibians and Reptiles in Thailand

Inger, Robert F.; Colwell, Robert K.

doi:10.2307/1942516

Cited by 195 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In comparison to other tropical areas worldwide where frog densities data are available, the values of present study are, generally, lower than those of Central American (e.g. Heatwole and Sexton 1966, Scott 1976, Lieberman 1986 but equal or higher than that of Asian sites (Inger and Colwell 1977, Inger 1980a, Vasudevan et al 2001.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Herpetofauna of an Atlantic rainforest area (Morro São João) in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Almeida‐Gomes

Vrcibradic

Siqueira

et al. 2008

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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We studied the herpetofaunal community from the Atlantic forest of Morro São João, in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and present data on species composition, richness, relative abundance and densities. We combined three sampling methods: plot sampling, visual encounter surveys and pit-fall traps. We recorded sixteen species of amphibians and nine of reptiles. The estimated densities (based on results of plot sampling) were 4.5 ind/100 m 2 for amphibians and 0.8 ind/100 m 2 for lizards, and the overall density (amphibians and lizards) was 5.3 ind/100 m 2 . For amphibians, Eleutherodactylus and Scinax were the most speciose genera with three species each, and Eleutherodactylus binotatus was the most abundant species (mean density of 3.0 frogs/100 m 2 ). The reptile community of Morro São João was dominated by species of the families Gekkonidae and Gymnophtalmidae (Lacertilia) and Colubridae (Serpentes). The gymnophtalmid lizard Leposoma scincoides was the most abundant reptile species (mean density of 0.3 ind/100 m 2 ). We compare densities obtained in our study data with those of other studied rainforest sites in various tropical regions of the world.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Herpetofauna of an Atlantic rainforest area (Morro São João) in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Almeida‐Gomes

Vrcibradic

Siqueira

et al. 2008

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…A estrutura da cobertura vegetal influencia a temperatura da água, a intensidade luminosa e a umidade próxima à superfície do solo (Bellis 1962, Crump 1971, Pough et al 1977, Halverson et al 2003, Felix et al 2004. Ambientes que sofreram alterações antrópi-cas são caracterizados por vegetação mais esparsa e estão sujeitos a maior exposição solar, menor umidade e temperaturas mais elevadas quando comparados a áreas de mata preservada, com vegetação alta, densa e dossel fechado (Sexton et al 1964, Crump 1971, Inger & Colwell 1977, Pough et al 1977. As características particulares de cada ambiente em relação a estes fatores, possivelmente determinam e limitam a distribuição das espécies presentes no PECB, uma vez que diferentes espécies de anuros respondem diferencialmente às condições ambientais, apresentando diferentes taxas de crescimento e desenvolvimento, além de exibirem graus distintos de resistência e tolerância a perda de água (e.g., Thorson & Svihla 1943, Thorson 1955, Bellis 1962, Heatwole et al 1968, Crump 1971, Snyder & Weathers 1975, Pough et al 1977, Christian et al 1988, Giaretta et al 1997, Werner & Glennemeier 1999, Halverson et al 2003, Felix et al 2004.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Isto pode explicar em parte a presença e a abundância das duas espécies deste gênero na área alterada, que não foram registradas na área preservada. Inger & Colwell (1977) sugerem que a baixa previsibilidade da temperatura e da evaporação em áreas perturbadas, em relação às áreas pouco perturbadas na Thailândia, impedem a formação de diversas guildas da herpetofauna, o que resulta em baixa diversidade de espécies.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…O tipo de cobertura vegetal e/ou o período desde a perturbação do ambiente são alguns dos fatores apontados como possíveis responsáveis por estas diferenças na diversidade e composição de espécies entre estas áreas (Inger & Colwell 1977, Heinen 1992, Tocher 1998. O estudo destas relações é importante, porque fornece subsídios para a conservação das comunidades naturais e auxilia na compreensão dos processos envolvidos na restauração da fauna após a perturbação de um ambiente (e.g., Heinen 1992, Pearman 1997.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Composição e diversidade de anfíbios anuros em dois ambientes de Mata Atlântica no Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, São Paulo, sudeste do Brasil

2007

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The Atlantic Forest is characterized by its high species richness and endemism, and is one of the 25 hotspots of biodiversity around the world. We present information on composition and diversity of anuran amphibians in two environments with different degrees of disturbance in Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, São Paulo state, an area of Atlantic Rain Forest in southeastern Brazil. We sampled an artificial pond in a disturbed area and a pond in a preserved area by audio sampling and incidental encounters, in 36 nights in each habitat. We compared the species composition, richness, dominance, and relative abundance between the two habitats. Despite distant only ca. 400 m, we recorded only two species in common between the two habitats. We recorded in the disturbed area 10 species (N = 518) with 46.7% of dominance of Hypsiboas albopunctatus; and in the preserved habitat we recorded 11 species (N = 656) with 36.0% of dominance of Dendropsophus giesleri. Richness was not significantly different between the habitats. The estimated dominance by rarefaction in the preserved habitat was significantly lower than that in the disturbed habitat. The capability of some species populations in colonizing the disturbed habitat, the distinct physiological tolerance among species, and the dependence on specific microhabitats for reproduction are possible factors related to the observed patterns. We suggest that additional alterations of the Atlantic Forest cover inside the reserve might result in a decrease of alpha-diversity by eliminating forest dependent species, as well as a consequently increase in beta-diversity by the colonization of open area species that are ecologically more generalist. The slightly higher richness and mainly lower dominance observed in the preserved area indicate it is the habitat with higher species diversity. Thus, the presence of old-growth and/or conserved forests in the reserve is essential to maintain the local anuran diversity. A Mata Atlântica é caracterizada pela elevada riqueza e endemismo de espécies, e é um dos 25 hotspots de biodiversidade mundiais. Apresentamos informações sobre a composição e diversidade de espécies de anfíbios anuros em dois ambientes com diferentes graus de perturbação no Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, SP, uma área de Mata Atlântica no sudeste do Brasil. Amostramos um açude em área alterada e uma lagoa em área preservada, através de procura auditiva e encontros ocasionais em 36 noites de observação em cada ambiente. As duas áreas foram comparadas em relação à composição, riqueza, dominância e abundância relativa de espécies. Apesar de próximos, cerca de 400 m, apenas duas espécies foram comuns aos dois ambientes. Na área alterada registramos 10 espécies (N = 518) e dominância de 46,7% de Hypsiboas albopunctatus, e na área preservada 11 espécies (N = 656) e dominância de 36,0% de Dendropsophus giesleri. A riqueza não foi significativamente diferente nos dois ambientes. A dominância estimada por rarefação na área preservada foi significativamente menor em

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“…Finally, it is worth noting that this model has empirical connections with topological regularities found in food webs, namely the excess of interval food webs (40), the prevalence of rigid circuits in niche overlap graphs (38), and the topological unholiness of simplicial niche space (14). These regularities support the formal mathematical result that underlying tree structures (hierarchies) follow naturally from the overlying topology (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicted correspondence between species abundances and dendrograms of niche similarities

Sugihara

Bersier

Southwood

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

145

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We examine a hypothesized relationship between two descriptions of community structure: the niche-overlap dendrogram that describes the ecological similarities of species and the pattern of relative abundances. Specifically, we examine the way in which this relationship follows from the niche hierarchy model, whose fundamental assumption is a direct connection between abundances and underlying hierarchical community organization. We test three important, although correlated, predictions of the niche hierarchy model and show that they are upheld in a set of 11 communities (encompassing fishes, amphibians, lizards, and birds) where both abundances and dendrograms were reported. First, species that are highly nested in the dendrogram are on average less abundant than species from branches less subdivided. Second, and more significantly, more equitable community abundances are associated with more evenly branched dendrogram structures, whereas less equitable abundances are associated with less even dendrograms. This relationship shows that abundance patterns can give insight into less visible aspects of community organization. Third, one can recover the distribution of proportional abundances seen in assemblages containing two species by treating each branch point in the dendrogram as a two-species case. This reconstruction cannot be achieved if abundances and the dendrogram are unrelated and suggests a method for hierarchically decomposing systems. To our knowledge, this is the first test of a species abundance model based on nontrivial predictions as to the origins and causes of abundance patterns, and not simply on the goodness-of-fit of distributions.A fundamental idea behind the study of patterns of species abundance is the presumed connection between species abundances and the functional ways in which communities are organized. Functional organization refers to how species are related to one another, as competitors or members of a web of interactions. The hypothesis that readily available data on relative abundances give insight into these less visible aspects of functional organization is not new (1, 2). For example, it is commonly observed that disturbed biotas are dominated by very few species and have a very different form of organization than their undisturbed and more diverse counterparts (3-5). Despite the importance of this fundamental connection for dialogues about conservation and biodiversity (6), and the century of effort that has gone into gathering data on species abundances, our understanding of these deeper aspects of community structure, and of how they connect to species abundances, remains poor.Recent developments in models of species abundance have focused on the incorporation of species' dynamics (7) or on the use of spatially explicit individual-based models that include basic physiological processes (8). All of these models rely exclusively on the goodness-of-fit between theoretical and observed distributions for verification. A very interesting recent example is the approach by Hubbell ...

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Organization of Contiguous Communities of Amphibians and Reptiles in Thailand

Cited by 195 publications

References 21 publications

Herpetofauna of an Atlantic rainforest area (Morro São João) in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Herpetofauna of an Atlantic rainforest area (Morro São João) in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Composição e diversidade de anfíbios anuros em dois ambientes de Mata Atlântica no Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, São Paulo, sudeste do Brasil

Predicted correspondence between species abundances and dendrograms of niche similarities

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