Organização da especialidade médica e controle do câncer do colo do útero no Brasil: o Instituto de Ginecologia do Rio de Janeiro em meados do século XX

Abstract

Resumo O Instituto de Ginecologia, no Rio de Janeiro, sob chefia do médico Arnaldo de Moraes, foi pioneiro no país na introdução e difusão de técnicas médicas para controle do câncer do colo do útero, em meados do século XX. A instituição tornou-se referência nas ações sobre a doença no período, organizando um modelo específico de diagnóstico que particularizou a atuação da medicina brasileira em relação à enfermidade e foi referência no país até a década de 1970. O objetivo deste texto é discutir a organização e o funcionamento do instituto a partir de seu papel sob dois pontos de atuação: na afirmação da ginecologia como especialidade médica e na divulgação de um modelo de referência para o controle da doença.

Câncer de mama no Brasil: medicina e saúde pública no século XX

“…The expansion of knowledge and practices aimed at female cancers, in this period, was based on the creation and development of some specialized institutions. The Institute of Gynecology of the Medical School of Rio de Janeiro, The Gynecological Cancer Service of the Red Cross and the Aristides Maltez Hospital (BA) were the bases of organization of the field of oncology focused on women's health (Lana, 2016). From these institutions, different research, intervention and organization initiatives in the field would emerge, directed mainly at cervical cancer, which, to some extent, included actions to expand the diagnosis of breast cancer.…”

A experiência mineira no controle do câncer do colo do útero em meados do século XX: o Hospital de Ginecologia de Belo Horizonte

“…This space for outpatient care at the University of Brazil School of Medicine was established in 1930 by the physician Arnaldo de Moraes. It became a reference in cervical cancer activities in Brazil, and for pioneering the introduction and dissemination of diagnostic technologies and professional training (Lana, 2016).…”

“…Rieper also became a reference in training colposcopy technicians in Brazil, driven by the policy at the Institute of Gynecology to create extension courses for specialized training of gynecologists (Lana, 2016). The medical graduates included Alberto Henrique da Rocha, a physician from Minas Gerais who began as an assistant in the Hospital of Gynecology in 1941.…”

“…In analyzing the structuring of policies to control cervical cancer in Brazil and the introduction and dissemination of diagnostic technologies, historical production on this topic has highlighted specific characteristics of the national scenario and dialogs with other countries such as Germany and the United States (Lana, Teixeira, 2015;Lana, 2012Lana, , 2016. The organization of activities related to this disease and discussions among experts led to the formation of a prevention network through specialized publications, professional associations, staff training initiatives, and scientific exchange.…”

The Anti-Cancer League and public outreach for cancer control in Peru

“…Like other Peruvian physicians at the time, he supported enrolling a broad coalition of State health agencies, physicians, and lay people in campaigns to broadcast the early signs of the disease. This paper focuses on such public outreach, a topic which is drawing more attention (Buschini, 2014;Carrillo, 2010;Teixeira et al, 2007) among the multifaceted historiography of cancer in Latin America (Lana, 2016;Eraso, 2014;Cuperschmid et al, 2014;Teixeira et al, 2011;Andrade et al, 2010;Eraso, 2010;Mejía, 2008).…”