1996
DOI: 10.1126/science.273.5277.884
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Organic Electroluminescent Devices

Abstract: Electroluminescence from organic materials has the potential to enable low-cost, full-color flat-panel displays, as well as other emissive products. Some materials have now demonstrated adequate efficiencies (1 to 15 lumens/watt) and lifetimes (>5000 hours) for practical use; however, the factors that govern lifetime remain poorly understood. This article provides a brief review of device principles and applications requirements and focuses on the understanding of reliability issues.

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Cited by 1,093 publications
(657 citation statements)
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“…2). Finally, to avoid OLED degradation mechanisms 26,27 and thereby prevent spatial and temporal intensity fluctuations, all manufacturing steps took place under inert conditions thereby minimizing contaminations of oxygen and humidity. By subsequently encapsulating the OLED it was ensured that no oxygen or humidity was able to diffuse into the emission layer under operation.…”
Section: Optical Excitation Of Single Phosphorescent Moleculesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2). Finally, to avoid OLED degradation mechanisms 26,27 and thereby prevent spatial and temporal intensity fluctuations, all manufacturing steps took place under inert conditions thereby minimizing contaminations of oxygen and humidity. By subsequently encapsulating the OLED it was ensured that no oxygen or humidity was able to diffuse into the emission layer under operation.…”
Section: Optical Excitation Of Single Phosphorescent Moleculesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Whatever the origin, fluorescent organic compounds are of significant importance to the development of low-cost opto-electronic devices 28 . Blue PL from aromatic or olefinic molecules is particularly important for display and lighting applications 29 .…”
Section: Luminescencementioning
confidence: 99%
“…At the device scale, the demonstration that conjugated polymers (CPs) can be successfully exploited in light-emitting diodes, [1][2][3] field-effect transistors, 4 or photodiodes 5,6 has led to the emergence of a new area in electronics, referred to as "plastic electronics".…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%