Organic Acid Characteristics and Tolerance of Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L Nielsen) to Lead

Abstract

This study aimed to find out the lead tolerance of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) seedling based on growth performance, tolerance index, and secretion and accumulation of organic acids content. Seedlings were exposed to lead (Pb) with the concentration of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 5, and 10 mM in liquid nutrient culture for 4 days in order to investigate secretion and accumulation of oxalic, malic, and citric content, and for 15 days to examine growth performance and tolerance index. The result showed that tolerance index and growth performance of sengon seedling were insignificant to the rising of Pb concentration up to 1.5 mM with tolerance index at least 95%, and even caused an increase of fresh weight. However, the tolerance index and growth of sengon decreased significantly due to Pb exposure of 5 and 10 mM. Among the three organic acids, citrate was most dominant as compared to malate and oxalate. Secretion of citrate increased significantly with the rising concentration-1 of Pb 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM, reaching to 0.464, 0.540, and 0.587 µg m , respectively, or rising according linear line (r = 0.9, p < 0.5). Citrate accumulation showed inconsistent pattern with the rising Pb exposure. The result suggested that sengon seedling have a slightly tolerance to lead by secretion of organic acid especially citric acid.

Exogenous glycinebetaine alleviates the detrimental effect of Cd stress on perennial ryegrass

“…Organic acids such as oxalic acid and malic acid can chelate with Cd to prevent its entrance into roots, and the cadmium phosphate complex that formed by the combination of organic phosphate acid and ions was unavailable to plants (Nazar et al 2012). In the present study, the relative composition of organic acids in the culture solution is the same as in the roots, with oxalic acid dominant, and it is likely that both types of acids have the same function (Setyaningsih et al 2012). This was consisted with the research conducted by Xie et al (2009), who reported that oxalic acid exceeded 98 % of total acids in perennial ryegrass.…”

JABON (Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb) POTENCY FOR REMEDIATING LEAD (Pb) TOXICITY UNDER NUTRIENT CULTURE CONDITION

“…Media treatment was 1/3 dosage of nutrient culture treated by Pb (NO3) with 6 2 different Pb concentrations i.e. 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 5 and 10 mM respectively (Setyaningsih 2012 FeEDTA. During the adaptation and treatment, the aeration was supplied using electrical aerator.…”

“…for seedling Special preparation roots, before being dried, considted of soaking them in 1.0 mM H-EDTA for 30 minutes to remove Pb attached on the root surface and rinsed three times in H O (Javris & Leung 2002). (Setyaningsih et al 2012). Chlorosis and necrosis occur red presumably because photosynthetic pigment was damage as a result of decreased production of chlorophyll a and b when Pb exposure increased up to 1500 ppm .…”

“…et al Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) is known as a tropical forest species with high tolerance to marginal land, and high shoot and roots biomass productions (Krisnawati et al 2011;Setyaningsih et al 2012). Forest plants with deep roots character and great biomass have a great potential to be used as remediator plant (Capuana 2010) in contaminated forest land.…”

Adaptability Study of Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) on Several Lead (Pb) Level

“…Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah penambahan Pb(NO3)2 sebagai sumber Pb yangterdiri lima taraf, yaitu P0 = 0 mg Pb/kg tailing, P1 = 150 mg Pb/kg tailing, P2 = 300 mg Pb/kg tailing, P3 = 450 mg Pb/kg tailing (Setyaningsih et al, 2012) …”