Organelle Simple Sequence Repeat Markers Help to Distinguish Carpelloid Stamen and Normal Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Sources in Broccoli

Shu, Jinshuai; Liu, Yumei; Li, Zhansheng; Zhang, Lili; Fang, Zhiyuan; Yang, Limei; Zhuang, Mu; Zhang, Yangyong; Lv, Honghao

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138750

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Homeotic conversion of stamens into carpelloid structures were described in several CMS lines of wheat (Ogihara et al, 1997), tobacco (Farbos et al, 2001), carrot (Linke et al, 2003), rapeseed (Leino et al, 2003), cauliflower (Kamiñski et al, 2012), and broccoli (Shu et al, 2015). Stamens of the CMS lines were replaced by carpelloid organs, thus resembled the B-class genes APETALA3 ( AP3 ) and PISTILLATA ( PI ) mutants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Brassica napus (inap CMS) with Carpelloid Stamens via Protoplast Fusion with Chinese Woad

Kang

Wang

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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A novel cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in Brassica napus (inap CMS) was selected from the somatic hybrid with Isatis indigotica (Chinese woad) by recurrent backcrossing. The male sterility was caused by the conversion of tetradynamous stamens into carpelloid structures with stigmatoid tissues at their tips and ovule-like tissues in the margins, and the two shorter stamens into filaments without anthers. The feminized development of the stamens resulted in the complete lack of pollen grains, which was stable in different years and environments. The pistils of inap CMS displayed normal morphology and good seed-set after pollinated by B. napus. Histological sections showed that the developmental alteration of the stamens initiated at the stage of stamen primordium differentiation. AFLP analysis of the nuclear genomic composition with 23 pairs of selective primers detected no woad DNA bands in inap CMS. Twenty out of 25 mitochondrial genes originated from I. indigotica, except for cox2-2 which was the recombinant between cox2 from woad and cox2-2 from rapeseed. The novel cox2-2 was transcribed in flower buds of inap CMS weakly and comparatively with the fertile B. napus addition line Me harboring one particular woad chromosome. The restorers of other autoplasmic and alloplasmic CMS systems in rapeseed failed to restore the fertility of inap CMS and the screening of B. napus wide resources found no fertility restoration variety, showing its distinct origin and the related mechanism of sterility. The reasons for the mitochondrial rearrangements and the breeding of the restorer for the novel CMS system were discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Brassica napus (inap CMS) with Carpelloid Stamens via Protoplast Fusion with Chinese Woad

Kang

Wang

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…On the other hand, hybrid cultivars from male sterility lines have enhanced seed purity and hybrid rates, and DGMS lines usually have higher seed yields than Ogura-CMS line from the same inbred line [11,13]. The Ogura-CMS lines of broccoli and other Brassica plants used today have been improved by protoplast fusion [11], and Ogura-CMS is stable and easily transferred between species; therefore, these lines are important sources of CMS in Brassica plants [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentially expressed genes and phenotypic variation in florets among the isogenic Ogura-CMS, DGMS and inbred lines of broccoli

Li¹,

Liu²,

Fang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Male sterility contributes strongly to hybrid seed purity and production in Brassica crops. To detect plant phenotypes and the gene expression patterns involved in bioprocess of an Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility line (Ogura-CMS), a dominant genic male sterility line (DGMS) and their maintainer line, we analyzed the transcriptomes of broccoli florets among the isogenic Ogura-CMS (T54C), DGMS (T54M) and inbred lines (T54S).Results: There were respectively 505, 585 and 469 upregulated genes, and 1109, 1073 and 543 downregulated genes in the comparison groups of T54C and T54M, T54C and T54S, and T54M and T54S. The head weight and head width showed stronger performance in the Ogura-CMS than the DGMS line or maintainer line. The Ogura-CMS line showed poorer performance in seed yield and seed germination than the DGMS line or maintainer line. The DGMS line had longer maturation and flowering periods than the Ogura-CMS and maintainer lines. The plant hormone genes, auxin (TIR1, GH3 and SAUR) and salicylic acid (SA) (NPR1), and adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters-related genes (ABCB1 and ATM) were highly up-regulated in T54C compared with T54M or T54S. The brassinosteroid upregulated gene CYCD3 related to the function of late-flowering and delaying senescence in plants, was detected in T54M over two seasons.Conclusions: Among the isogenic Ogura-CMS, DGMS and inbred lines of broccoli, the Ogura-CMS line showed strong performance in head yield than the DGMS line or the inbred line. The DGMS line had longer days to flowering than the Ogura-CMS and inbred lines. However, the inbred line presented a higher seed yield and seed germination rate than the DGMS or Ogura-CMS line. This study found that some potential plant hormone genes, auxin (TIR1, GH3 and SAUR) and SA (NPR1), and ABC transporters related genes (ABCB1 and ATM) might play a key role in regulation of the developmental trait in the Ogura-CMS line. The BR- upregulated gene CYCD3 may function in late-flowering and delaying senescence of broccoli consistent with the investigations conducted over two seasons. Our findings provided a possible explanation for physiological and developmental differences of broccoli among the Ogura-CMS, the DGMS and the inbred lines.

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“…oleracea var. italica [23,37], B. oleracea var. capitata [38], B. rapa [39][40][41], B. napus [39] and B. juncea [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CMS cauliflowers and other Brassica crops withOgura or other alien cytoplastsdisplay complex variations in reproductive features. These reproductive phenotypes are expressed as floral abnormalities such as homeotic-like transformation of stamens to pistil like structures (pistillody), homeotic modification of stamens to petal like structures (petaloidy), carpelloid stamens, adherence of functional stamens to style, partially opened flowers, splitted style with exposed ovule, splitted style, absence of nectaries, rudimentary nectaries and fused flowers [11,[21][22][43][44][45].These floral malformations are result of incongruity between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes [11,37,43]. It is evident that loss of function, mutation or insertion/deletion in MADS-box genes APETALA2, APETALA3…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…or PISTILLATA, which are class B genes of classic ABC model for flower development, renders homeotic transformation of stamens to carpels or petals to sepals [37,[46][47] [6,[22][23][24]49].In India, during the last three decades, a large number of CMS based breeding lines/material have been generated in Indian cauliflowers by repeated back crossing or somatic hybridization by exploiting various CMS sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elucidating mitochondrial DNA-markers of Ogura-based CMS linesin Indian cauliflowers (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) and their floral abnormalities due to diversity in cyto-nuclear interaction

Singh

Bhatia

Kumar

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Mitochondrial markers can be used to differentiate diverse mitotypes as well as cytoplasms in angiosperms. In cauliflower, cultivation of hybrids is pivotal in remunerative agriculture and cytoplasmic male sterile lines constitute an important component of the hybrid breeding. Thus, the breeders look for utilizing diverse male sterile cytoplasms in hybrid progamme. In diversifying source of male sterility,it is essential to appropriately differentiate among the available male sterile cytoplasms in cauliflower.PCR polymorphism atthe key mitochondrial genes associated with male sterility will be useful in developing mitochondria specific markers for the different male sterile cytoplasms. Also, the auto and alloplasmic cytonuclear combinations result in complex floral abnormalities.Thus, the study aimed at developing mitotype specific markers of the sterile cytoplasms and to unravel thegenetic effects of the cytonuclear interactions on flower morphology in Indian cauliflowers.Results: In PCR based analysis using a set of primers targeted to orf-138, 76 Indian cauliflower lines showed presence of Ogura cytoplasm though amplicons showed polymorphism within the ofr-138 sequence. The polymorphic loci were found to be spanning over 200-280 bp and 410-470bp genomic regions of BnTR4 and orf125, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that such cytoplasmic genetic variations could be due to single nucleotide polymorphisms and insertion or deletions of31/51 nucleotides.The cytoplasmic effects on varying nuclear-genetic backgrounds led to varying degree of floral malformations ranging from reduction in flower size, stamens and style length, modification in position of styleand anthers, absence of non-functional stamens to other floral abnormalities. These floral malformations caused dysplasia of flower structure affecting female fertility and inefficient nectar production.Conclusions: The mitochondria specific markers can distinguish ogurabased male sterile cytoplasm. Large number of Indian cauliflower lines showed mitotype variations even within the ogura based cytoplasm. Variable nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions resulted into diverse type of floral malformationsin addition to pollen sterility even within the group of ogura based CMS lines. The finding provide important reference ameliorate understanding of mechanism of cytonuclear interactions in floral organ development in Brassicas. The study will help the breeders in selecting CMS lines without any floral abnormalities in B. oleracea.

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Organelle Simple Sequence Repeat Markers Help to Distinguish Carpelloid Stamen and Normal Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Sources in Broccoli

Cited by 17 publications

References 56 publications

A Novel Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Brassica napus (inap CMS) with Carpelloid Stamens via Protoplast Fusion with Chinese Woad

A Novel Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Brassica napus (inap CMS) with Carpelloid Stamens via Protoplast Fusion with Chinese Woad

Differentially expressed genes and phenotypic variation in florets among the isogenic Ogura-CMS, DGMS and inbred lines of broccoli

Elucidating mitochondrial DNA-markers of Ogura-based CMS linesin Indian cauliflowers (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) and their floral abnormalities due to diversity in cyto-nuclear interaction

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