Oregano Phytocomplex Induces Programmed Cell Death in Melanoma Lines via Mitochondria and DNA Damage

Abstract

Plant secondary metabolites possess chemopreventive and antineoplastic properties, but the lack of information about their exact mechanism of action in mammalian cells hinders the translation of these compounds in suitable therapies. In light of this, firstly, Origanum vulgare L. hydroalcoholic extract was chemically characterized by spectrophotometric and chromatographic analyses; then, the molecular bases underlying its antitumor activity on B16-F10 and A375 melanoma cells were investigated. Oregano extract induced oxidative stress and inhibited melanogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, triggering programmed cell death pathways (both apoptosis and necroptosis) through mitochondria and DNA damage. By contrast, oregano extract was safe on healthy tissues, revealing no cytotoxicity and mutagenicity on C2C12 myoblasts, considered as non-tumor proliferating cell model system, and on Salmonella strains, by the Ames test. All these data provide scientific evidence about the potential application of this food plant as an anticancer agent in in vivo studies and clinical trials.

Potencial antiproliferativo do óleo essencial de Origanum majorana Linn. em células de melanoma e seus efeitos intracelulares em células neoplásicas e não-neoplásicas

“…Esses compostos são reconhecidos por suas propriedades antioxidantes (Del Ré & Jorge, 2012). Além disso, deve-se considerar ainda o sinergismo existente entre os componentes de um óleo essencial, o que pode potencializar as suas propriedades terapêuticas (Hajlaoui et al, 2016;Nanni et al, 2020).…”

“…Outra estrutura que é afetada quando há excesso de ERO é a membrana mitocondrial, que pode ter perda do seu potencial, causando danos à cadeia respiratória celular, sendo essa também uma via de indução ao processo apoptótico (Nanni et al, 2020). Tais alterações não foram observadas nos tratamentos com MARJ, havendo aumento do PMM na linhagem MDBK somente com a concentração de 0,25 mg/mL, sem provocar alterações mitocondriais nas células cancerígenas.…”

Biological Fabrication and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Gymnema Sylvestre Potentially Produces Toxicity in Breast Cancer Cells -MCF-7

“…High over production of ROS arbitrated oxidative stress leads to the programmed cell death [40]. Apoptosis is a crucial programmed cell death which has actively eliminated the cancer cells through whether intrinsic or extrinsic apoptotic signalling pathway [41]. In this present work, ZnONP-GS treatment associated morphological changes of apoptotic MCF-7 cells were test by double staining of acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining.…”

Biological Activities of Plant Food Components: Implications in Human Health

“…This Special Issue addresses the biological activity of dietary phytochemicals, either purified [ 2 ] or in extracts from plant foods, and speculates on their potential effects on human health. The studied plant foods include edible parts (fruits, seeds, leaves, and flowers) of plants common in the Mediterranean area, such as pomegranate ( Punica granatum ) [ 3 ], oregano ( Origanum vulgare) [ 4 ], and purslane ( Portulaca olearacea ) [ 5 ], but also of several tropical plants, including annona ( Annona cherymola ) [ 6 ], herba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ), guaranà ( Paullinia cupana ) [ 7 ], and ash gourd ( Benincasa hispida ) [ 8 ]. Bioactivity was studied in terms of radical scavenging and antioxidant [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 9 ], antimicrobial [ 10 ], and antiproliferative activity [ 4 ].…”

“…granatum) [3], oregano (Origanum vulgare) [4], and purslane (Portulaca olearacea) [5], but also of several tropical plants, including annona (Annona cherymola) [6], herba mate (Ilex paraguariensis), guaranà (Paullinia cupana) [7], and ash gourd (Benincasa hispida) [8]. Bioactivity was studied in terms of radical scavenging and antioxidant [5][6][7]9], antimicrobial [10], and antiproliferative activity [4].…”