Oregano-oil antagonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced toxicity in pre- and post-hatch chick embryo

Abstract

Oregano essential oil (OEO), one kind of Labiata has been known for a long time as a popular remedy. The essential oil of oregano has anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal and nematicidal properties mainly due to the basic constituents. Once the shell's microbial barriers have been breached, Gram-negative bacteria are more capable of withstanding the antimicrobials present in the albumen. Eggs were divided into, control group (GI), LPS group (GII) and LPS plus OEO 0.5% group (GIII), as natural disinfectants. Statistical data were analysed, histopathological, RT-PCR and in situ hybridization studies were performed to explain the OEO modulatory role. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group represented the highest (P < 0.05) increase of embryonic mortality percentage, greatest significance (P < 0.01) egg weight loss, a decrease of hatchability and high teratogenic effect compared with those for other groups in all types of experiments. Chicks produced from egg subjected to oregano 0.5% and LPS significantly (P < 0.05) recorded large body weight gain, enhancement of hatchability and produces no teratogenic effects in the developing chicken. OEO modulates the effect of LPS in histopathological, RT-PCR and in situ hybridization studies throughout modulation of the Daam2 and Tbx2 gene expression towards the normal one. Using Oregano oil as a natural disinfectant in this study modulate significantly the effect of LPS oxidative effect on the chick embryo even after hatching, so, we conclude that OEO is an effective anti-oxidant that recommended to be used in hatchery for good quality chicks, chick growth and finally improvement of laying production performance.

Effects of Sanitizers on Microbiological Control of Hatching Eggshells and Poultry Health during Embryogenesis and Early Stages after Hatching in the Last Decade

“…No harmful effects on organ development during embryogenesis and post-hatch were reported in eggs sanitized with clove essential oil [ 10 ]. Bekhet and Sayed [ 82 ] observed that treating eggs with essential oregano oil did not cause malformations in embryos, benefiting them by restoring their antioxidant balance. Gholami-Ahangaran et al [ 3 ], Batkowska et al [ 43 ] and Oliveira et al [ 10 ] reported improvement in the survival percentage of chicks from eggs sanitized with Virkon S, propolis and clove essential oil, respectively, in the first days of post-hatch life.…”