Orbital Extension of Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanomas

Shammas, Hanna F.; Blodi, Frederick C.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1977.04450110096010

Cited by 104 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In our work, all patients had free margins and only the two patients operated with enlarged exenteration did not develop local recurrence or metastasis, suggesting that large excision is a key to success. The role of exenteration in the treatment of uveal melanoma with orbital extension has been controversial (Starr & Zimmerman 1962, Affeldt et al 1980, Shammas & Blodi 1981, Jensen 1982, Rini et al 1987. The last studies published demonstrated that there was no statistically significant difference in survival between exenteration and enucleation, suggesting that undetected or microscopic metastasis could be implicated (Kersten et al 1985, Bartley et al 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival after malignant tumors of the orbit and periorbit treated by exenteration

Mouriaux

Martinot

Pellerin

et al. 1999

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: In order to further assess the survival value of orbital exenteration in malignant orbital and periorbital tumors. Methods: The charts of 44 patients exenterated for a neoplasm of the orbit or periorbit were reviewed in a retrospective study. Results:The overall 4-year survival was 45%. 26 patients had free margins on histological examination and 24 patients had developed local recurrence or metastasis. Local recurrence or metastasis were significantly more common in the group with transected margins than in the group with free-margins (pΩ 0.01). Survival between the group of patients with local recurrence or metastasis and the group without local recurrence or metastasis showed statistically significant difference (pΩ0.0025). In contrast, survival between the group of patients with free margins and the group with transected margins did not show statistically significant difference (pΩ0.13). Conclusion: Surgical free margins section is a key element in successful cancer surgery but seems not the only prognosis variable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival after malignant tumors of the orbit and periorbit treated by exenteration

Mouriaux

Martinot

Pellerin

et al. 1999

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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“…Another report indicated a metastatic rate to be less than 4% in the ocular melanoma of dogs [1]. In human uveal melanomas, the risk factors for extraorbital metastasis include increased size of the intraocular mass, rupture of Bruch's membrane, and eventually, retinal invasion and filling within the vitreous cavity, as tumor cells spread into the orbit through draining of the subretinal fluid [16]. Therefore, reliable assessment of the size and location of the intraocular tumor may be quite important in predicting the prognosis in canine ocular melanomas as in human ocular melanomas.…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of a Canine Eye with Melanoma

Kato

Nishimura

Sasaki

et al. 2005

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. An 8-year-old Beagle dog had exophthalmos of the left eye for the last two past months. On ophthalmoscopy, the intraocular lesion could not be evaluated due to the opacity of the cornea. Ultrasonography revealed that the eyeball was distorted in shape and shifted in position, however, the precise lesion could not be identified. On magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the lesion was observed as hyperintense on T1-weighted and hypointense on T2-weighted images, similar to those reported in human melanoma. The lesion was histologically diagnosed to be malignant intraocular melanoma. Though this is only a case report, canine ocular melanoma may show the similar characteristic MR images as in human uveal malignant melanoma. KEY WORDS: canine, intraocular melanoma, MR imaging.

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“…The following factors were considered indicators of poor prognosis and were correlated with the presence and distribution of mature tumor vessels: highly aggressive PAS patterns (networks and loops) [6] , epithelioid cytology [4] , mitotic figures [7,8] , extraocular extension [4,11] , anterior tumor location [12][13][14] , ciliary body involvement [4,15] , large tumor size [9,10] , cell proliferation [18] , and angiogenic activity [18,19] .…”

Section: Human Tissue Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include aggressive periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) patterns [6] , epithelioid cytology [4] , mitotic figures [7,8] , tumor size [9,10] , extraocular extension [4,11] , anterior tumor location [12][13][14] , ciliary body involvement [4,15] , macrophage density [16] , high microvascular density [17] , cell proliferation [18] , angiogenic activity [18,19] , and chromosomal abnormalities (e.g., monosomy 3) [20] . Among these factors angiogenic activity is of interest since novel therapeutic agents currently under study include vessel targeting agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Vessel Maturation in Human Uveal Melanoma: Spatial Distribution of Neovessels and Mature Vasculature

Piña¹,

Cebulla²,

Murray³

et al. 2009

Ophthalmic Res

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and peripheral (p = 0.31) regions of the tumors, while mature vessel density was greater than neovessel density in basal areas of the tumor (p = 0.47). This pattern indicated that vessel maturation begins at the base of the tumor and later extends to the peripheral and apical regions. The difference between mature and neovessel densities for the apical (-0.8 8 1.9) and central areas (-0.8 8 1.3) of the tumor was significantly higher than the difference obtained for the basal area (0.3 8 1.6; p = 0.014 and p = 0.012, respectively), indicating a higher density of mature vessels compared to neovessels at the base. Statistical correlations were found between mature vessel density and tumor size (r = 0.48, p = 0.084), cell proliferation (r = 0.62, p = 0.042), and mitotic figures (r = 0.76, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Significant differences exist in the spatial distribution of mature versus neovessels in human uveal melanoma. Vessel maturation is associated with known clinical and pathologic indicators of poor prognosis (e.g., cell proliferation). Antiangiogenic therapy should be considered for the treatment of ocular malignancies; however, the results of this study indicate that blood vessel maturation heterogeneity may limit the efficacy of vessel targeting agents. Key WordsUveal melanoma ؒ Angiogenesis ؒ Vessel maturation Abstract Purpose: The aims of this study are (1) to evaluate the spatial distribution of neovessels and mature vessels in human uveal melanoma tumors and (2) to determine whether vessel maturation is associated with the major indicators for poor prognosis. Methods: Immunohistochemical analyses were performed on human tissue specimens from enucleated eyes (n = 14) to assess total vessels, neovessels, mature vessels, and cell proliferation. Tumor morphology was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin and modified periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. The spatial distribution of neovessels and mature vessels was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and correlated with major indicators of poor prognosis (i.e., aggressive PAS patterns, epithelioid cytology, mitotic figures, extraocular extension, anterior tumor location, ciliary body involvement, large tumor size, cell proliferation, and angiogenic activity). Results: Neovessel density was greater than mature vessel density in apical (p = 0.17), central (p = 0.036),

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Orbital Extension of Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanomas

Cited by 104 publications

References 4 publications

Survival after malignant tumors of the orbit and periorbit treated by exenteration

Survival after malignant tumors of the orbit and periorbit treated by exenteration

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of a Canine Eye with Melanoma

Blood Vessel Maturation in Human Uveal Melanoma: Spatial Distribution of Neovessels and Mature Vasculature

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