Orange Juice Adulteration: Detection and Quality Effects of Dilution, Added Orange Pulpwash, Turmeric and Sorbate

Abstract

Adulteration of frozen concentrated and single‐strength orange juices with orange pulpwash (PW) have been detected regularly in samples obtained from the North American retail market. This practice is a direct economic fraud on the consumer and to the legitimate grower, processor and distributor. The addition of PW to frozen concentrated or single‐strength orange juices may have a profound detrimental effect on the juice flavor and other quality factors. Turmeric, as colorant, alone and in combination with PW has been found in concentrated orange juice for manufacturing imported by some Florida processors. Sorbate preservative has been detected in single‐strength orange juices from concentrate obtained from the retail market and packed out of Florida.

Rapid detection and quantification of the adulteration of orange juice with grapefruit juice using handheld Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis

“…Orange juice is one of the most targeted food commodities for adulteration and one such adulteration method is to blend it with grapefruit juice. [3][4][5] Such adulteration gives the culprits unfair advantage in the market, damage consumers' experience and more importantly it may have serious health implications. 6,7 This is due to the fact that grapefruit juice has been reported to interact with numerous drugs and inadvertent consumption of grapefruit juice by some consumers can result in negative and potentially serious pharmacological interactions.…”

Determination and Classification of Added Caramel Color in Adulterated Acerola Juice Formulations

“…Fruit juice adulteration is estimated to be at least a billion dollar per year "enterprise" in the United States alone (Brause, 1995). Adulterated forms of orange juice (Petrus et al, 1984;Brause et al, 1984), apple juice (Coppola, 1984), and cranberry juice (Hong and Wrolstad, 1986) have all been detected on the U.S. market. The incentive for adulteration is simple economics: selling products which demand premium prices while reducing or eliminating the overhead in bringing the authentic products to the market.…”

Determination of Food Preservatives in Orange Juice by Reversed‐Phase Liquid Chromatography

“…Since pulpwash is generally of inferior quality when compared to orange juice, Florida manufacturers of pulpwash are required to add 50-100 ppm benzoate to pulpwash as a tracer to prevent other processors from adding the lower price pulpwash to orange juice. Petrus et al (1984) were not well suited for routine analysis or could not differentiate between benzoic and sorbic acids, the objective of this study was to develop a simple, reliable method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of sorbic acid, benzoic acid, and methyl and propyl parabens in orange juice suitable for routine analysis.…”