Orally self-administered cocaine: Reinforcing efficacy by the place preference method

Seidman, Marc H.; Lau, Chyan E.; Chen, Ruoyan; Falk, John L.

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(92)90663-z

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Here, it has been shown that oral cocaine is behaviorally effective [18][19][20] and amounts consumed voluntarily corresponded to dopamine release in the shell of the nucleus accumbens after cocaine injections as measured by microdialysis [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Self-Administration of Ethanol and Cocaine in Rats

Grathwohl

Dadmarz

Vogel³

2001

Pharmacology

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Most laboratory animal studies on self-administration of drugs of abuse use only one drug, whereas humans frequently engage in polydrug use. For this reason, we studied oral self-administration of ethanol (E) and cocaine (C) with the free choice bottle method using a single drug alone, a combination (E and C in separate bottles) or a mixture of both drugs in a single bottle. Young female rats (45 days) consumed similar amounts of C if offered alone (12.4 ± 7.5 mg/kg/day), in the presence of ethanol (10.6 ± 3.5) or as E/C mixture (8.0 ± 4.0). They also consumed similar amounts of E if offered alone (3.8 ± 1.6 ml/kg/day), in the presence of C (2.3 ± 0.8) or E/C mixture (2.4 ± 1.1). Voluntary consumption of both drugs varied markedly among animals but was consistent in a given rat. No correlation occurred between consumption of E and C. Young male rats behaved similarly and consumed similar amounts of E and C alone, in combination and as mixture. While E consumption was similar, C consumption was higher in female rats. Old male rats (180 days) were similar to young male rats. The presence of a saccharin solution as a distracter had no effect on intake of E or C in young females but reduced E intake only in young male rats. In young animals, prior voluntary consumption of either E or C had no effect on subsequent voluntary consumption of the same or other drug offered in combination. These results indicate that this model may be useful to study polydrug use in humans, that consumption of both E and C is strongly controlled by an individual animal, that prior exposure to one drug had no or little effect on a subsequent consumption of the same or other drug in combination and that intake of E or C seems to be independent of each other suggesting two independent reward centers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Self-Administration of Ethanol and Cocaine in Rats

Grathwohl

Dadmarz

Vogel³

2001

Pharmacology

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“…Oral cocaine has been shown to be rewarding and reinforcing. It established conditioned place preference when administered by gavage or when self-administered in a schedule-induced polydipsia paradigm (Seidman et al, 1992). Rats (Jentsch et al, 1998) and primates (Macenski and Meisch, 1998) lever pressed to drink cocaine solutions and cocaine drinking was not devalued by pairing with LiCl (Miles et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novelty-induced locomotion is positively associated with cocaine ingestion in adolescent rats; anxiety is correlated in adults

Walker

Schramm-Sapyta

Caster

et al. 2009

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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The present studies assessed the roles of sex, age, novelty-seeking and plus-maze behavior on cocaine drinking in rats. Cocaine/saccharin solution was available in three daily, 5-hour sessions then a saccharin-only solution was also available in following sessions. In the one-bottle drinking phase, early and late adolescent males, post-natal day 28 (PN28) and PN42, consumed more cocaine/ saccharin solution than young adults (PN65), but females did not exhibit significant age differences. Adolescents of both sexes consumed more cocaine/saccharin than adults during choice drinking. Saccharin availability in the two-bottle trials decreased cocaine/saccharin consumption in PN28 and PN65 rats. After a drug-free period, cocaine-stimulated locomotion was lower in cocaine/saccharin drinking than saccharin-only males, indicating tolerance. We tested the hypothesis that individual differences in pre-screened behavioral traits would correlate with cocaine/saccharin consumption in PN28 and PN65 male rats. High locomotor responses to novelty were associated with greater cocaine/ saccharin drinking in adults in one-bottle sessions. In the subsequent choice drinking phase, correlations were age-specific. Adolescents with high novelty-induced locomotion and adults that spent less time on open arms of the elevated plus-maze drank more cocaine/saccharin. Thus, behavioral phenotypes correlated with individual differences in cocaine/saccharin consumption in an age-related manner.

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“…Just as in humans, in whom only 20–30% of an ingested dose of oral cocaine reaches the bloodstream intact (Wilkinson, Van Dyke, Jatlow, Barash, & Byck, 1980), in the rat, hepatic metabolism may inactivate a considerable quantity of the cocaine consumed orally (Bouis & Boelsterli, 1990; El-Maghrabi, Calligaro, & Eldefrawi, 1988). Nevertheless, ingested cocaine has been found to be behaviorally active in rats in that it functions as a positive reinforcer (Falk, Vigorito, Tang, & Lau, 1990; Jentsch, Henry, Mason, Merritt, & Ziriax, 1998; Meert & Janssen, 1992; Seidman, Lau, Chen, & Falk, 1992; Suzuki, Masukawa, Yoshii, Kawai, & Yanaura, 1990; for an exception, see Bell, Macenski, Silverman, & Meisch, 1993), increases locomotor activity (Falk, Ma, & Lau, 1991; Lau, Iman, Ma, & Falk, 1991), and induces indications of a withdrawal syndrome during forced abstinence (Barros & Miczek, 1996). Specifically, Jentsch et al (1998) trained rats to respond for small aliquots of a cocaine-saccharin solution following home-cage preexposure to the solution.…”

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confidence: 99%

Oral cocaine seeking by rats: Action or habit?

Miles¹,

Everitt²,

Dickinson³

2003

Behavioral Neuroscience

168

149

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Having established that the presence of cocaine in a 10% (wt/vol) sucrose solution enhanced the reinforcing properties of the solution in a dose-dependent manner, the authors investigated the susceptibility of oral cocaine seeking to outcome devaluation. Rats were trained to perform different instrumental responses for a cocaine-sucrose and a lemon-sucrose solution. An aversion was then conditioned from either the cocaine-sucrose or the lemon-sucrose solution by pairing consumption with lithium chloride. When instrumental performance was subsequently tested in extinction, the rats performed the lemon-sucrose response less if this solution, rather than cocaine-sucrose, had been devalued by aversion conditioning. By contrast, performance of the cocaine-sucrose response was unaffected by whether the cocaine-sucrose or the lemon-sucrose solution had been devalued.

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Orally self-administered cocaine: Reinforcing efficacy by the place preference method

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Oral Self-Administration of Ethanol and Cocaine in Rats

Oral Self-Administration of Ethanol and Cocaine in Rats

Novelty-induced locomotion is positively associated with cocaine ingestion in adolescent rats; anxiety is correlated in adults

Oral cocaine seeking by rats: Action or habit?

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