Oral Structural and Neuromuscular Characteristics in Children with Normal and Disordered Articulation

Dworkin, James Paul; Culatta, Richard

doi:10.1044/jshd.5002.150

Cited by 23 publications

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“…This could also be observed in other studies [7,18,[21][22][23] , which indicates greater difficulty in quickly moving the back of the tongue in comparison with the tongue or lips. Results found for DDK of 'ka' corroborate the hypothesis of Cheng et al [26,27] , which states that the motor development of speech is not uniform and that there is a refining period starting from mid-childhood until adolescence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Girls tend to be faster in the production of monosyllables and boys are faster in the repetition of polysyllables [18] . Differences were not found between genders in several studies of DDK in children [19,22,24,25] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In studies using similar methodology to assess children speaking other languages, DDK rates found for 8-and 10-year-old children varied from 4.6 to 5.8 utterances per second for 'pa', 4.6 to 5.7 for 'ta' and 4.0 to 5.3 for 'ka' [21][22][23] . In the present study, values ranging from 4.8 to 5.2 for 'pa', 4.9 to 5.4 for 'ta' and 4.3 to 4.9 for 'ka' were found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral and Vocal Fold Diadochokinesis in Children

Modolo

Berretin-Felix

Genaro

et al. 2010

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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Aim: To establish reference values concerning the results of oral and vocal fold diadochokinesis (DDK) assessment, as well as to analyze the differences among gender and age. Methods: One hundred and fifty Brazilian-Portuguese-speaking children from 8 to 10 years old were assessed. The DDK was assessed through the repetition of ‘pa’, ‘ta’, ‘ka’, ‘pataka’, ‘a’ and ‘i’. Results: As age increased there was a rise in the average DDK rate, a rise in the coefficient of variation of period for syllable ‘ka’ and a rise in the coefficient of variation of the peak intensity for the syllable ‘ta’. The number of utterances per second of ‘ta’ was higher for girls than for boys. In trisyllables, 8-year-old girls presented a lower number of utterances than the other subgroups. As age increased, there was a rise in the average DDK rate of the vowel ‘i’ for girls; there was also a smaller standard deviation and perturbations of the period for this same vowel. Conclusion: Oral and vocal fold DDK reference values were established and differences as to gender and age were observed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral and Vocal Fold Diadochokinesis in Children

Modolo

Berretin-Felix

Genaro

et al. 2010

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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“…Previous studies of the link between oral motor skills and language have tended to look at simple movements more closely resembling eating movements (Moore & Ruark, 1996), or fast repeated movements (Dworkin & Culatta, 1985), neither of which seem to have a relationship with language development and disorders in these two studies. Our data suggest that more difficult oral movements are more closely related to language skills, possibly because they are more speech-like.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of oral motor control and language

Alcock

2006

Downs Syndr. Res. Pract.

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-Motor control has long been associated with language skill, in deficits, both acquired and developmental, and in typical development. Most evidence comes from limb praxis however; the link between oral motor control and speech and language has been neglected, despite the fact that most language users talk with their mouths. Oral motor control is affected in a variety of developmental disorders, including Down syndrome. However, its development is poorly understood. We investigated oral motor control in three groups: adults with acquired aphasia, individuals with developmental dysphasia, and typically developing children. In individuals with speech and language difficulties, oral motor control was impaired. More complex movements and sets of movements were even harder for individuals with language impairments. In typically developing children (21-24 months), oral motor control was found to be related to language skills. In both studies, a closer relationship was found between language and complex oral movements than simple oral movements. This relationship remained when the effect of overall cognitive ability was removed. Children who were poor at oral movements were not good at language, although children who were good at oral movements could fall anywhere on the distribution of language abilities. Oral motor skills may be a necessary precursor for language skills.Keywords: oral motor control, language development, developmental language disorders, gesture Evidence for a link between motor control and language In examining the relationship between motor control and language development and disorders, there is a contrast between the large amount that is known about limb motor control and the small amount that is known about oral motor control. For example, it has long been known that the first stages of language development occur in parallel with the first stages of gesture development, and that children whose first gestures are earlier than average usually also say their first words earlier than average (Bates et al., 1979). Recent data also show that children who are late in the onset of both spontaneous communicative gesture and spoken language are more likely to remain delayed than those who start making communicative gestures at a typical age but whose speech is also delayed (Thal et al., 1997). There is also a strong association between limb motor control difficulties and language impairment (Hill, 2001), which appear to share a common genetic basis (Bishop, 2002). This imbalance in research exists despite the fact that the majority of language users speak, rather than sign. We now turn to work on the development of oral motor skills. Oral motor developmentThere has been little work to date on how oral motor control develops in children, and much of this has been concentrated on the feeding behaviour of young infants or developmentally disabled children (a selection of recent work includes Fucile et al., 2005;Johnson & Harris, 2004;Mason et al., 2005;Rogers & Arvedson, 2005), with no investigation...

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“…(p. 155) A review of the studies since Winitz concluded that there is still no definitive answer to this question. Studies that treated this population as a single undifferentiated group (e.g., Dworkin & Culatta, 1985;Jordan, Hardy, & Morris, 1978;Qvarnstrom, Jaroma, & Laine, 1993) found both differences and no differences compared to typically developing children. Studies that compared subgroups of children with SD of unknown origin to each other or to typically developing children (e.g., Bradford & Dodd, 1996;Hamlet, 1985;Hetrick & Sommers, 1988;McGlone & Proffit, 1973) also revealed a mixed picture.…”

Section: The Speech-motor Deficit Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Articulation Rate and Speech-Sound Normalization Failure

Flipsen

2003

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Not all children with speech delay (SD) of unknown origin develop fully normal speech even with intervention. Many retain residual distortion errors into adolescence and ultimately into adulthood. The current study examined whether articulation rate distinguishes those children who retain residual errors from those who normalize. Two groups of speech-delayed children originally identified at preschool age were retested at age 9 years (the early follow-up group) and at age 12–16 years (the late follow-up group), respectively. No differences in articulation rate were observed at either test time in conversational speech between those children who continued to produce residual distortion errors (RE) compared to those children who had fully normalized speech (NSA). For the late follow-up group, children in the RE outcome group articulated speech at significantly slower rates than the children in the NSA outcome group in an embedded words task using both syllables per second and phones per second measures. Findings suggested that children with SD of unknown origin who fail to normalize may have relative speech-motor deficits and possibly deficits in language formulation skill. Alternatively, slower articulation rate in structured tasks may represent some sort of compensation for the continuing presence of speech-sound errors. Possible motivations for such compensation are discussed.

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Oral Structural and Neuromuscular Characteristics in Children with Normal and Disordered Articulation

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Oral and Vocal Fold Diadochokinesis in Children

Oral and Vocal Fold Diadochokinesis in Children

The development of oral motor control and language

Articulation Rate and Speech-Sound Normalization Failure

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