Oral Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) formulation modified muscle fatty acid profile and cytokines transcription in head kidney in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings

Herrera, Fidel; Velázquez, Janet; Lugo, Juana María; Orellana, Paola; Ruiz, Joceline; Vega, Matías; Romero, Alex; Santos, Nestor; Ramses, Gerardo; Rodríguez‐Ramos, Tania; Dixon, Brian; Estrada, Mario Pablo; Dantagnan, Patricio; Carpio, Yamila

doi:10.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100772

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In fish, PACAP has been shown to have a physiological role in enhancing growth performance and food intake [32][33][34] and to also play a role as a regulator of the teleost fish immune system [6,32]. A new oiled feed formulation containing the peptide was developed and applied to rainbow trout fingerlings [35]. After two months of dietary supplementation with PACAP, we observed a marked improvement in the polyunsaturated fatty acid content in trout muscle, which provides various beneficial health effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…There are two conserved regions at the N-terminal of PACAP-38 sequences (His1, Gly4, Phe6, and Asp8) and (Val19, Leu23, Val26, and Leu27) with predictive antimicrobial significance. Thus, the positively charged C-terminal PACAP (28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38) most likely has evolved and developed PACAP-species-specific functions [5,48]. This could explain the enhanced killing activity of CgPACAP-38 against a fish pathogen in this in vitro model compared to hPACAP-38.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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New Evidence for the Role of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide as an Antimicrobial Peptide in Teleost Fish

Velázquez,

Rodríguez-Cornejo,

Rodríguez-Ramos

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) is a multifunctional neuropeptide that is widely distributed and conserved across species. We have previously shown that in teleost fish, PACAP not only possesses direct antimicrobial properties but also immunomodulatory effects against the bacterial pathogens Flavobacterium psychrophilum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using in vitro and in vivo experiments. These previous results suggest PACAP can be used as an alternative to antibiotics to prevent and/or treat bacterial infections in the aquaculture industry. To accomplish this goal, more studies are needed to better understand the effect of PACAP on pathogens affecting fish in live infections. In the present study, the transcripts PACAP, PRP/PACAP, and VPAC2 receptor were examined in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) naturally infected with Yersinia ruckeri, which exhibited an increase in their expression in the spleen when compared to healthy fish. Synthetic Clarias gariepinus PACAP-38 has direct antimicrobial activity on Y. ruckeri and inhibits up to 60% of the bacterial growth when the peptide is at concentrations between 50 and 100 µM in TSB. The growth inhibition increased up to 90% in the presence of 12.5 µM of PACAP-38 when salt-free LB broth was used instead of TSB. It was also found to inhibit Y. ruckeri growth in a dose-dependent manner when the rainbow trout monocyte/macrophage-like cell line (RTS11) was pre-treated with lower concentrations of the peptide (0.02 and 0.1 µM) before going through infection. Differential gene expression was analyzed in this in vitro model. Overall, the results revealed new evidence to support the role of PACAP as an antimicrobial and immunomodulatory peptide treatment in teleosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

New Evidence for the Role of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide as an Antimicrobial Peptide in Teleost Fish

Velázquez,

Rodríguez-Cornejo,

Rodríguez-Ramos

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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“…Therefore, these studies suggest that in teleosts, VIP and ghrelin induce both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, different from those observed in mammals. This dual behavior in fish has also been observed in the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), which although in mammals has an anti-inflammatory function [ 47 , 48 ], pro-inflammatory properties have been observed in teleosts [ [49] , [50] , [51] ]. Finally, our results showed that ghrelin only induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in contrast to the study performed in hybrid tilapia where the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was described [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory role of vasoactive intestinal peptide and ghrelin in Oncorhynchus mykiss

Muñoz-Flores,

Roa,

Saavedra

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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“…Future studies that address the appropriate way to incorporate this peptide in commercial diets are necessary. For example, a recent study in rainbow trout tested the inclusion of the neuropeptide PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide) in the diet through an oil-based preformulation of the peptide using water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions from a dispersed aqueous phase and a continuous oily phase, with good results [53]. This work opens a new path for deeper investigations of the effects and possible applications of the GHRP-6 peptide as an additive in diets for farmed marine fish.…”

Section: Conclusion and Open Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feed Supplementation with the GHRP-6 Peptide, a Ghrelin Analog, Improves Feed Intake, Growth Performance and Aerobic Metabolism in the Gilthead Sea Bream Sparus aurata

Rodríguez-Viera

Martí

Martı́nez

et al. 2022

Fishes

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The aquaculture sector has experienced rapid and important growth with the subsequent increase of feeding and nutritional issues for sustaining this activity, mainly related to the use of high quality, safe and environmentally friendly feed ingredients. The use of additives in aquafeeds has proven to be a suitable option to improve different productive indicators in farmed fish. In the present study, the effect of adding the GHRP-6 peptide, a ghrelin analog, to a commercial diet of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) was studied at two proportions (100 or 500 μg/kg of feed). Both experimental diets show an increase in growth performance, as well as in feed efficiency after 97 days of experiment. The lower inclusion of GHRP-6 (100 μg/kg) results in a better aerobic metabolism, while the higher inclusion significantly increased plasma GH levels in agreement with the GH secretagogue effects of ghrelin. Similar growth outcome and differences between GHRP-6 levels in aerobic metabolism and GH stimulation suggest that improvements in culture performance by this peptide may occur through different mechanisms. Taken together, this compound can be considered as a viable dietary supplement for increasing production efficiency of sea bream aquaculture, although a better understanding of its dose-specific effects is still required.

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Oral Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) formulation modified muscle fatty acid profile and cytokines transcription in head kidney in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

New Evidence for the Role of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide as an Antimicrobial Peptide in Teleost Fish

New Evidence for the Role of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide as an Antimicrobial Peptide in Teleost Fish

Immunomodulatory role of vasoactive intestinal peptide and ghrelin in Oncorhynchus mykiss

Feed Supplementation with the GHRP-6 Peptide, a Ghrelin Analog, Improves Feed Intake, Growth Performance and Aerobic Metabolism in the Gilthead Sea Bream Sparus aurata

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